Changes in the Density and Composition of Rhizosphere Pathogenic <i>Fusarium</i> and Beneficial <i>Trichoderma</i> Contributing to Reduced Root Rot of Intercropped Soybean
Huiting Xu,
Li Yan,
Mingdi Zhang,
Xiaoli Chang,
Dan Zhu,
Dengqin Wei,
Muhammd Naeem,
Chun Song,
Xiaoling Wu,
Taiguo Liu,
Wanquan Chen,
Wenyu Yang
Affiliations
Huiting Xu
Department of Plant Protection, College of Agronomy & Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Crop Strip Intercropping System, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
Li Yan
State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
Mingdi Zhang
Department of International Law Affairs, Dong-a University, Busan 49236, Korea
Xiaoli Chang
Department of Plant Protection, College of Agronomy & Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Crop Strip Intercropping System, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
Dan Zhu
Department of Plant Protection, College of Agronomy & Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Crop Strip Intercropping System, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
Dengqin Wei
Department of Plant Protection, College of Agronomy & Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Crop Strip Intercropping System, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
Muhammd Naeem
Department of Plant Protection, College of Agronomy & Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Crop Strip Intercropping System, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
Chun Song
Department of Plant Protection, College of Agronomy & Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Crop Strip Intercropping System, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
Xiaoling Wu
Department of Plant Protection, College of Agronomy & Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Crop Strip Intercropping System, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
Taiguo Liu
State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
Wanquan Chen
State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China
Wenyu Yang
Department of Plant Protection, College of Agronomy & Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Crop Strip Intercropping System, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
The dynamic of soil-borne disease is closely related to the rhizosphere microbial communities. Maize–soybean relay strip intercropping has been shown to significantly control the type of soybean root rot that tends to occur in monoculture. However, it is still unknown whether the rhizosphere microbial community participates in the regulation of intercropped soybean root rot. In this study, rhizosphere Fusarium and Trichoderma communities were compared in either healthy or root-rotted rhizosphere soil from monocultured and intercropped soybean, and our results showed the abundance of rhizosphere Fusarium in intercropping was remarkably different from monoculture. Of four species identified, F. oxysporum was the most aggressive and more frequently isolated in diseased soil of monoculture. In contrast, Trichoderma was largely accumulated in healthy rhizosphere soil of intercropping rather than monoculture. T. harzianum dramatically increased in the rhizosphere of intercropping, while T. virens and T. afroharzianum also exhibited distinct isolation frequency. For the antagonism test in vitro, Trichoderma strains had antagonistic effects on F. oxysporum with the percentage of mycelial inhibition ranging from 50.59–92.94%, and they displayed good mycoparasitic abilities against F. oxysporum through coiling around and entering into the hyphae, expanding along the cell–cell lumen and even dissolving cell walls of the target fungus. These results indicate maize–soybean relay strip intercropping significantly increases the density and composition proportion of beneficial Trichoderma to antagonize the pathogenic Fusarium species in rhizosphere, thus potentially contributing to the suppression of soybean root rot under the intercropping.
