Assessment of macrocyclic lacton group products for ectoparasitosis of carp
Abstract
The material for the study were Lubin carp of one year old spontaneously invaded by the ectoparasites Lernaea cyprinacea and Dactylogyrus vastator. For the experiment we used drugs: "Brovermectin-granulate" (development of “BFP” serial production; 1 g of the preparation contains: active substance (ADR) ivermectin – 3.5 mg; tocopherol acetate (20 mg) and Emamectin benzoate (manufactured by King Quenson Industry Group; 1 g of preparation contains ADR emamectin benzoate (50 mg). Analyzing morphological, biochemical and immunological parameters of blood and organs of fish, it is possible to state that the fact that the anti-parasitic drugs “Brovermectin granulate” and “Emamectin benzoate” has a pronounced antiparasitic effect, normalizing the homeostasis of the body. The results obtained showed significant fluctuations in the number neutrophils, eosinophils and lymphocytes. In ectoparasites infested of fishes used for macrocyclic lactones, y leukocyte formula sharply increases the percentage of rod-shaped neutrophils and at the same time decreases the proportion of lymphocytes. At the same time, there is an increase in the number of eosinophils that perform the function of protecting the body of fish from parasites. Eosinophilia, as in the higher vertebrates, is one of objective indicators of allergy (sensitization) of the body, nature the course of inflammatory processes. The results obtained indicate a decrease in the production of total T-lymphocytes are cells that play a key role in the immune system protection in the body of carp for damage by ectoparasites. In analyzing the above data, attention is drawn to the lower functional the activity of the blood T-lymphocyte system in ectoparasites infested with fish, than those given antiparasitic drugs. From this it follows that the ability of the blood lymphocytes of the fish to which the drugs from the group were given of macrocyclic lactones, before pathogen binding and production of antigens the antibodies that neutralize them are much higher than the fish affected ectoparasites. The immune system in fish provides self-regulation through direct contact of cells (macrophages, neutrophils, cytotoxic T-lymphocytes) as well as due to humoral factors (lysozyme, complement). The use of drugs from the group of macrocyclic lactones promotes the release of infested fish from ectoparasites with the following normalization of their life, increase of immune status and resistance.
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