Skin changes in chronic kidney disease

Abstract

Chronic kidney disease causes skin changes which may sometimes be the first sign of kidney failure. Specific skin changes include acquired perforating dermatosis, porphyria cutanea tarda, pseudoporphyria, calcinosis and nephrogenic systemic fibrosis. The majority of patients present with cutaneous manifestations which are classified as non-specific, including xerosis, pruritus, pigmentation disturbances, nail plate abnormalities, uraemic frost and gynaecomastia. Treatment improving kidney function (dialysis therapy or kidney transplantation) also leads to the resolution of skin lesions.

Keywords

• chronic kidney disease
• kidney failure
• cutaneous manifestations
• acquired perforating dermatosis
• porphyria cutanea tarda
• pseudoporphyria
• nephrogenic systemic fibrosis
• calciphylaxis