Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research (Feb 2021)

Association of Obesity with Peripheral Vascular Disease- A Case-control Study

  • Sadhasiva Bhavadeep Kumar Reddy,
  • Kothareddy Dileep,
  • Raja Reddy Ramya,
  • Shripad B Deshpande

DOI
https://doi.org/10.7860/JCDR/2021/47899.14521
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 15, no. 2
pp. CC01 – CC03

Abstract

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Introduction: Peripheral Vascular Disease (PVD) is an important public health problem, due to its insidious course and the associated co-morbidities. Obesity has been implicated as one of the risk factor besides others. However, the reports on obesity are not consistent. Aim: To assess the association between central obesity and PVD along with other risk factors and the present study is undertaken to examine the correlation of central obesity as a risk factor for PVD. Further, the association between other risk factors and PVD was also ascertained. Materials and Methods: A total of 124 subjects were recruited in this case-control study. Ankle Brachial Index (ABI) was measured using peripheral Doppler studies. Patients with ABI 0.9 were taken as controls. Blood pressure was measured in the sitting position and the authors obtained anthropometric and demographic data. Chi-square test was used as the test of significance and p-value <0.05 to be considered as level of significance. Results: Of the total 124 participants in the study, 62 participants were the cases and 62 participants were controls. Body Mass Index (BMI) was higher in cases with PVD but Waist Circumference (WC) and hip circumference were significantly lower (p-value=0.003 and <0.001 respectively) and Waist-Hip Ratio (WHR) did not show any significant difference between cases and controls. Thus, fat mass is located elsewhere in these individuals, possibly it may be accumulated in the extremities. Other risk factors like history of smoking, history of alcoholism and history of diabetes mellitus had a positively significant association with PVD with p-values <0.001, 0.023 and <0.001 respectively. Conclusion: The results obtained from this data suggests that PVD is not associated with central obesity, instead it provides evidence that PVD correlates with peripheral fat mass. Subsequent studies separating central and peripheral obesity are required to get more clarity on the relationship between obesity and PVD.

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