Does pathological type of primary nephrotic syndrome affect serum concentrations of proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9?

Abstract

Abstract Background Dyslipidemia is a common finding in primary nephrotic syndrome (PNS). Serum PCSK9 level is also increased in PNS and is the main cause of dyslipidemia in such patients. There is a paucity of data on the relation between dyslipidemia and pathological types of PNS. We hypothesized that severity of dyslipidemia varies across different types of PNS, and this variation is due to differences in serum PCSK9 levels. Methods Fifty patients recently diagnosed with PNS were included in this cross-sectional study. Serum PCSK9, albumin, creatinine, total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), very low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (VLDL-C), triglycerides (TG), and 24-h urine protein were measured. Comparison of patients’ characteristics between pathological types of PNS and correlations between serum PCSK9 and other parameters were assessed. Results Serum PCSK9 levels were significantly higher in PNS patients compared with healthy individuals (314.58 ± 73.83 vs 253.42 ± 36.66 ng/ml, p < 0.001). No differences found between PNS types regarding serum levels of PCSK9 (p = 0.571), TC (p = 0.806), LDL-C (p = 0.950), HDL-C (p = 0.844), VLDL-C (p = 0.472), and TG (p = 0.969). Serum PCSK9 levels correlated significantly with TC (p < 0.001), LDL-C (p < 0.001), HDL-C (p = 0.003), VLDL-C (p = 0.008), TG (p = 0.005), 24-h urine protein (p = 0.005), and male sex (p = 0.014). Conclusion The pathological type of PNS does not affect serum levels of PCSK9 and components of lipid profile.

Keywords

• Nephrotic syndrome
• PCSK9
• Dyslipidemia