A review of liquid metal anode solid oxide fuel cells

Abstract

This review discusses recent advances in a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) variant that uses liquid metal electrodes (anodes) with the advantage of greater fuel tolerance and the ability to operate on solid fuel. Key features of the approach are discussed along with the technological and research challenges that need to be overcome for scale-up and commercialisation.

Keywords

• Solid oxide fuel cell
• liquid metal anode
• direct carbon fuel cell