The utility of wide-field optical coherence tomography angiography in diagnosis and monitoring of proliferative diabetic retinopathy in pregnancy

Abstract

Purpose: Diabetic retinopathy is an increasingly common complication of diabetes mellitus that benefits from early diagnosis and frequent monitoring, especially in pregnancy where there is a greater risk of progression. Fundus fluorescein angiography is currently the gold standard method of investigation for neovascularization. However, this has risks of unpleasant and potentially dangerous side effects, with an added theoretical risk to the fetus in pregnancy. Wide-field optical coherence tomography angiography (PLEX Elite 9000, Carl Zeiss Meditec, Inc. USA and DRI Swept Source OCT Triton, Topcon Medical Systems, Inc. USA) potentially offers a safer, faster and equally effective alternative method for diagnosis and monitoring of diabetic retinopathy in pregnant patients. Observations: In the 3 cases reviewed from our clinic, we found that wide-field optical coherence tomography angiography was successfully used as an alternative to fundus fluorescein angiography in early diagnosis and ongoing monitoring of diabetic retinopathy in pregnant patients. Conclusions and importance: Wide-field optical coherence tomography angiography can be considered as a useful alternative to fundus fluorescein angiography when reviewing pregnant diabetic retinopathy patients. This allows avoidance of any unpleasant and potentially dangerous side effects associated with fluorescein injection, and appears to be just as effective in diagnosis and detecting disease progression.

Keywords

• Diabetic retinopathy
• Pregnancy
• OCTA
• FFA