Стратегічна панорама (Apr 2018)
LAND REFORM IN UKRAINE: CONSEQUENCES OF BURDEN AND PRIORITY OF DECISION
Abstract
The article presents an analysis of land reform in Ukraine, which is aimed at creating land relations of the market type. It is stated, that the process of land reform is carried out for more than 20 years. A privatization of agricultural and other land types has been conducted – out of 41.5 mln hectares of all agricultural lands in Ukraine 31 mln hectares are now in private property, 10.5 mln hectares in state property and 0.03 mln hectares in municipal and collective property. In the same time, according to current legislation, citizens of Ukraine may only conduct land operations with land plots, which they have acquired for running private pehaut small husbandry, small holdings for gardening, cottage and garage building. Changing rights of ownership for other agricultural lands is currently prohibited by a moratorium according to the Land Codex of Ukraine. A number of urgent reasons urge to immediately abolish the moratorium on trading agricultural lands and their validity constantly rises. Among such reasons are: a deterioration of the agricultural structure, which causes a reduction of agricultural production; drawbacks of land use, formed during the land reform (land incrustation, shallowland, etc.); the necessity of introducing mortgage credits for agricultural production; negative demographic situation in rural areas; impoverishment of elderly peasants, whom are nominal owners of land parcels, which, in turn, are a part of a larger land plot (share) or small holdings. It is substantiated, that further development of land relationships requires an introduction of market agricultural land trading in order to provide landowners rights, including the value of the land into the production capital of all entrepreneur subjects, investment inflow for financing agricultural activities on the basis of land plots mortgage and further creation of a powerful middle class of landowners.
