Nature of intestinal microflora disorders in cardiovascular diseases

Abstract

The article reviews the literature on the relationship between intestinal microflora and cardiometabolic disorders. The pathophysiological significance of microflora disturbance in the development of intestinal pathology has long been known and proven. However, scientific research in recent decades has convincingly proven that the positive role of intestinal microbiota is not limited only to the intestines. Disturbances of the intestinal microbiota can affect other organs and systems, in particular, cardiometabolic processes. The mechanism of the relationship between dysbiotic disorders and the cardiovascular system can occur due to the deterioration of the intestinal barrier function and through the influence of various metabolites of the intestinal microflora on cardiometabolic processes. When the intestinal barrier deteriorates, pro-inflammatory harmful components of the intestinal microflora such as lipopolysaccharides can have a negative effect on the cardiovascular system. Short-chain fatty acids, bile acids, and trimethylamine N-oxide are of the greatest importance among the metabolites of the intestinal microflora, which can have a diverse effect on cardiometabolic processes. Accumulated research data indicate the possible impact of intestinal microflora disturbances on atherosclerosis, hypertension, and chronic heart failure. The search for methods of correcting the intestinal flora is underway, which would allow to eliminate the specified negative impact.

Keywords

• intestinal microflora
• dysbiosis
• cardiovascular diseases
• metabolic disorders