FEATURES OF STRUCTURAL AND METABOLIC PARAMETERS OF UMBILICAL CORD BLOOD IMMUNE SYSTEM CELLS IN PREMATURE NEWBORNS WITH RESPIRATORY DISORDERS SYNDROME

Abstract

Respiratory disorders syndrome is the main of the most severe forms of pathology of premature newborns, among the causes of neonatal mortality, this pathology occupies a leading place. Early prediction and diagnosis of respiratory disorders, the creation of an effective correction is an urgent issue for the preservation of the health of the future generation. The purpose of the study – to determine the significance of changes in the structural and metabolic parameters of the cells of the umbilical cord blood immune system in the syndrome of respiratory disorders in premature newborns to identify their pathogenetic significance. Materials and methods. 64 premature newborns were examined, group 1 (49 newborns) included children without SDR, and group 2 (15 children) included newborns with SDR. We studied the enzymes of the immune system cells in the umbilical cord blood of premature newborns: succinate dehydrogenase and acid phosphatase, as well as the spectrum of neutral lipids and phospholipids. Results. The statistically significant increase in the activity of the marker enzyme lysosomal acid phosphatase and a decrease in the content of phosphatidylcholine, the main structural component of cell membranes and surfactant, which is a substrate for lysosomal enzymes, revealed in the blood lymphocytes of the studied premature newborns, indicates the involvement of lysosomes in the pathogenetic processes of the development of neonatal respiratory disorders syndrome. Conclusion. The data obtained by us can help to expand the understanding of the spectrum of indications for the appointment of drugs that have the ability to stabilize the membranes of lysosomes and thereby reduce their functional activity.

Keywords

• недоношенные новорожденные
• клетки иммунной системы
• синдром дыхательных расстройств
• сукцинатдегидрогеназа
• кислая фосфатаза
• сурфактант