Zhongguo youzhi (Jul 2025)

棉籽油硬脂化学酯交换改性及其品质特性研究Chemical interesterification modification of cottonseed oil stearin and its quality characteristics

  • 侯鹏飞，李利君，杨国龙，杨瑞楠，刘伟HOU Pengfei, LI Lijun, YANG Guolong, YANG Ruinan, LIU Wei

DOI
https://doi.org/10.19902/j.cnki.zgyz.1003-7969.240248
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 50, no. 7
pp. 27 – 33

Abstract

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旨在为棉籽油硬脂的开发利用提供理论依据，以甲醇钠为催化剂，采用化学酯交换法对棉籽油硬脂进行改性，采用单因素实验考察了反应温度、催化剂添加量、反应时间对酯交换产物滑动熔点（SMP）和20 ℃时的固体脂肪含量（20 ℃-SFC）的影响，对酯交换产物相关指标进行了分析，并研究了脱臭对酯交换产物中环丙烯脂肪酸（CPFA）含量的影响。结果表明：棉籽油硬脂酯交换反应最佳工艺条件为反应温度80 ℃、催化剂添加量0.1%、反应时间30 min，在此工艺条件下酯交换产物的SMP和20 ℃-SFC分别为40.1 ℃和20.57%；相比于棉籽油硬脂，酯交换产物的SMP升高，酸值和过氧化值降低，塑性范围变宽，SUU型甘三酯含量升高；脱臭处理能够有效降低酯交换产物中的CPFA含量，由脱臭前的96.51 mg/kg最低可降至脱臭后的44.05 mg/kg，同时Halphen定性实验结果为阴性。综上，酯交换棉籽油硬脂可用于起酥油基料油。 In order to provide a theoretical basis for the development and utilization of cottonseed oil stearin, the cottonseed oil stearin was modified by chemical interesterification with sodium methoxide as catalyst, the effects of reaction temperature, catalyst dosage and reaction time on the slip melting point (SMP) and solid fat content at 20 ℃ (20 ℃-SFC) of the product were investigated by single factor experiment. The relevant indicators of the interesterification product were investigated. The effect of deodorization on the content of cyclopropylene fatty acid (CPFA) in the interesterification product was further studied. The results showed that the optimal interesterification conditions were obtained as follows: reaction temperature 80 ℃, catalyst dosage 0.1% and reaction time 30 min. Under these conditions, the SMP and 20 ℃-SFC of the interesterification product were 40.1 ℃ and 20.57%, respectively. Compared with cottonseed oil stearin, the SMP of the interesterification product was elevated, the acid value and peroxide value were reduced, the plasticity range was broadened, and the content of SUU-type triglycerides was elevated. The deodorization was able to effectively reduce the content of CPFA in the interesterification product, which was reduced from 96.51 mg/kg to as low as 44.05 mg/kg, while the Halphen qualitative test was shown to be negative. In conclusion, interesterified cottonseed oil stearin is reliable as a raw material for the preparation of shortening.

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