The Relationship between Preparation and Biological Activities of Animal-Derived Polysaccharides: A Comprehensive Review
Bochun Yang,
Conghao Yang,
Rui Liu,
Wenjie Sui,
Qiaomei Zhu,
Yan Jin,
Tao Wu,
Min Zhang
Affiliations
Bochun Yang
State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Food Biotechnology Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
Conghao Yang
State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Food Biotechnology Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
Rui Liu
State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Food Biotechnology Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
Wenjie Sui
State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Food Biotechnology Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
Qiaomei Zhu
State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Food Biotechnology Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
Yan Jin
State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Food Biotechnology Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
Tao Wu
State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Food Biotechnology Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
Min Zhang
State Key Laboratory of Food Nutrition and Safety, Food Biotechnology Engineering Research Center of Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
Polysaccharides are biomolecules found in microorganisms, plants, and animals that constitute living organisms. Glycosaminoglycans, unique acidic polysaccharides in animal connective tissue, are often combined with proteins in the form of covalent bonds due to their potent biological activity, low toxicity, and minimal side effects, which have the potential to be utilized as nutrition healthcare and dietary supplements. Existing studies have demonstrated that the bioactivity of polysaccharides is closely dependent on their structure and chain conformation. The characteristic functional groups and primary structure directly determine the strength of activity. However, the relationship between structure and function is still unclear, and the target and mechanism of action are not fully understood, resulting in limited clinical applications. As a result, the clinical applications of these polysaccharides are currently limited. This review provides a comprehensive summary of the extraction methods, structures, and biological activities of animal-derived polysaccharides that have been discovered so far. The aim is to promote developments in animal active polysaccharide science and provide theoretical support for exploring other unknown natural products.
