Effect of changes on land use and erosivity on erosion hazards and the reservoir lifespan of Tukul Dam, using USLE method

Abstract

The benefits of the Tukul Reservoir include an irrigation supply for 600 hectares, a micro hydro power plant of 2x132 kWh, a domestic water supply of 300 liters per second, as well as conservation. The Tukul Dam began operation in 2020. The presence of the Tukul Dam has a significant impact on changes in land use both upstream and downstream. This study measured erosion rates and classified erosion hazard levels. The Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) method were used to calculate erosion rates with ArcGIS Software The value of erosion rates will be used to calculate the lifespan of Tukul Reservoir. The data employed for land use analysis are based on maps issued by ESRI from 2017 to 2022. In 2022 classification of hazard erosion very heavy is about 18% about 8.5 km2 its increased from year 2021. Overall, the erosion hazard level is influenced by various land use changes and erosivity values. In this study, the erosion rate used for calculating sedimentation rate is based on the latest year’s data. Based on the SDR calculation, the sedimentation rate in 2022 is 3.55 mm/year. As a result, the calculated reservoir lifespan prediction is only 28 years.