Association of resolvin level in pregnant women with preeclampsia and metabolic syndrome

Abstract

Objective: Preeclampsia (PE) and Metabolic syndrome (MetS) are multifactorial conditions and are major causes of maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality worldwide. Both conditions are pro-inflammatory and can be causative factor for vascular damage. Anti-inflammatory mediators such as Resolvin also called resolution-phase interaction products may help to reduce the effect. Therefore, this study aimed to measure the serum Resolvin level in mild pre-eclamptic women with and without metabolic syndrome. Material and methods: A total of 293 pregnant females were recruited in this case control study. They were grouped as: Group A [pre-eclamptic patients with MetS (n = 140)] and Group B [pre-eclamptic patients without MetS (n = 153)]. Preeclampsia was diagnosed according to the ACOG criteria and metabolic syndrome according the NCEP-ATP III guidelines. Anthropometric data, lipid profile, Resolvin, VEGFR and PlGF levels were tested as per manufacturer's guidelines. Data was analyzed by using SPSS version 23. In all instances, a p value of <0.05 was considered significant. Results: All females were aged matched so no difference was observed in any group. Blood pressure and triglyceride levels were significantly higher in Group A; whereas VEGFR and PlGF were lower as compared to Group B. Higher Resolvin levels were observed in Group A subjects as compared to Group B [105.19 ± 42.29 pg/ml; 46.74 ± 20.16 pg/ml; p < 0.01 respectively]. Resolvin levels were found to have a weak correlation with BMI (r = 0.264; p = 0.11), while a positive strong correlation with systolic BP (r = 0.722; p < 0.001), diastolic BP (r = 0.664; p < 0.001) and a negative correlation with VEGFR (r = −0.639; p < 0.01) and PlGF (r = −0.523; p < 0.01). Conclusion: Higher resolvin levels were observed in PE subjects with metabolic syndrome and showed a significant strong positive correlation with blood pressure. Further longitudinal studies are required to identify the causal link. Keywords: Resolvin, Pre-eclampsia, Metabolic syndrome, Inflammation