Capparis zeylanica mediated bio-synthesized ZnO nanoparticles as antimicrobial, photocatalytic and anti-cancer applications

Abstract

The aim of present study is based on low cost, efficient and eco-friendly way for biological production of nanosized Zinc oxide (ZnO) with Capparis zeylanica leaf extract. The bio-synthesized nanoparticles were subjected to characterization techniques like UV–Visible spectroscopy (UV–Vis), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Photoluminescence emission spectrum (PL), Scanning electron microscope (SEM) with EDAX-Energy – Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy. The topography of prepared ZnO nanoparticle grains was analyzed by Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) and Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM). The synthesized ZnO nanoparticles were pure, predominantly spherical with sizes ranges from 32 to 40 nm. In the present study, the green synthesized ZnO nanoparticles have been tested for antimicrobial activity. The antimicrobial effect of ZnO nanoparticles was investigated against Gram-positive (Staphylococcus epidermidis, Enterococcus faecalis), Gram-negative bacteria (Salmonella paratyphi, Shigella dysenteriae) and fungi (Candida albicans, Aspergillus niger) with different concentrations (25, 50, 75 and 100 µ/ml) using agar well diffusion method. Results obtained from this study exposed that microbial growth decreases with increase in the concentration of green synthesized ZnO nanoparticles. Photodegradation of MB also performed for green synthesized ZnO nanoparticles. Finally, cytotoxicity analysis has proven that antiproliferative properties against A549 cancer cell lines. Therefore, bio-mediated ZnO nanostructures proved to be an excellent novel antimicrobial, photocatalytic and anticancer material for the first time through this study.

Keywords

• Capparis zeylanica
• Antimicrobial activity
• Bio-synthesis
• SEM with EDAX
• TEM
• Photo degradation