Main components of Panax notoginseng saponins inhibit platelet activation and aggregation induced by shear stress

Abstract

Objective To determine the effects of main components (Rg1, Re and R1) of Panax notoginseng saponins on platelet activation and aggregation induced by shear stress. Methods A narrow microfluidic chip model was established, and used to evaluate the effects of Rg1, Re and R1 at different concentrations (0.05, 0.1, 0.25 and 0.5 mg/mL) on shear-induced platelet aggregation under different shear rates (1 500, 4 500 and 9 000 s-1). Flow cytometry was used to quantitatively detect the shear-induced platelet activation (P-selectin and PAC-1) after the treatment of Rg1, Re and R1. PL-12 analyzer was performed to measure the effects of Rg1, Re and R1 on platelet aggregation induced by arachidonic acid (AA) and adenosine diphosphate (ADP). Results Rg1, Re and R1 inhibited platelet aggregation induced by high shear stress in a concentration-dependent manner (P < 0.01), but had no such inhibitory effect under lower shear stress. Among the 3 components, Re had the strongest inhibitory effect, and their IC50 value was 0.1, 0.07, and 0.2 mg/mL, respectively. No synergistic effect was observed when the 3 components were used together at the same dose. Rg1, Re and R1 inhibited the expression of P-selectin and PAC-1 (P < 0.01), which was consistent with the results of the aggregation experiment. In addition, the 3 components also could inhibit platelet aggregation induced by AA and ADP. Conclusion The main components of Panax notoginseng saponins exert their antiplatelet activity by inhibiting shear-induced platelet aggregation.

Keywords

• ginsenoside rg1
• ginsenoside re
• notoginsenoside r1
• shear stress
• platelet aggregation