Topographic Reorganization of Cerebrovascular Mural Cells under Seizure Conditions
Margarita Arango-Lievano,
Badreddine Boussadia,
Lucile Du Trieu De Terdonck,
Camille Gault,
Pierre Fontanaud,
Chrystel Lafont,
Patrice Mollard,
Nicola Marchi,
Freddy Jeanneteau
Affiliations
Margarita Arango-Lievano
Departments of Neuroscience & Physiology, Laboratory of Stress Hormones & Plasticity, Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, INSERM, CNRS, University of Montpellier, 34093 Montpellier, France; Corresponding author
Badreddine Boussadia
Department of Neuroscience, Laboratory of Cerebrovascular Mechanisms of Brain Disorders, Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, INSERM, CNRS, University of Montpellier, 34093 Montpellier, France
Lucile Du Trieu De Terdonck
Departments of Neuroscience & Physiology, Laboratory of Stress Hormones & Plasticity, Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, INSERM, CNRS, University of Montpellier, 34093 Montpellier, France
Camille Gault
Departments of Neuroscience & Physiology, Laboratory of Stress Hormones & Plasticity, Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, INSERM, CNRS, University of Montpellier, 34093 Montpellier, France
Pierre Fontanaud
Department of Physiology, Laboratory of Networks and Rhythms in Endocrine Glands, Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, INSERM, CNRS, University of Montpellier, 34093 Montpellier, France
Chrystel Lafont
Department of Physiology, Laboratory of Networks and Rhythms in Endocrine Glands, Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, INSERM, CNRS, University of Montpellier, 34093 Montpellier, France
Patrice Mollard
Department of Physiology, Laboratory of Networks and Rhythms in Endocrine Glands, Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, INSERM, CNRS, University of Montpellier, 34093 Montpellier, France
Nicola Marchi
Department of Neuroscience, Laboratory of Cerebrovascular Mechanisms of Brain Disorders, Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, INSERM, CNRS, University of Montpellier, 34093 Montpellier, France; Corresponding author
Freddy Jeanneteau
Departments of Neuroscience & Physiology, Laboratory of Stress Hormones & Plasticity, Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, INSERM, CNRS, University of Montpellier, 34093 Montpellier, France; Corresponding author
Summary: Reorganization of the neurovascular unit has been suggested in the epileptic brain, although the dynamics and functional significance remain unclear. Here, we tracked the in vivo dynamics of perivascular mural cells as a function of electroencephalogram (EEG) activity following status epilepticus. We segmented the cortical vascular bed to provide a size- and type-specific analysis of mural cell plasticity topologically. We find that mural cells are added and removed from veins, arterioles, and capillaries after seizure induction. Loss of mural cells is proportional to seizure severity and vascular pathology (e.g., rigidity, perfusion, and permeability). Treatment with platelet-derived growth factor subunits BB (PDGF-BB) reduced mural cell loss, vascular pathology, and epileptiform EEG activity. We propose that perivascular mural cells play a pivotal role in seizures and are potential targets for reducing pathophysiology. : Arango-Lievano et al. follow how status epilepticus changes the dynamics of mural cell turnover at the cortical vasculature, causing vessel damage. PDGF-BB, a growth factor promoting the assembly of mural cells at the vascular unit, ameliorates vessel function and reduces spontaneous epileptiform activity. Keywords: neurovascular, epilepsy, pericyte, blood flow, PDGF-BB, PDGFR-B, in vivo microscopy
