Palladium supported on urea-containing porous organic polymers as heterogeneous catalysts for C–C cross coupling reactions and reduction of nitroarenes

Abstract

The novel palladium nanoparticles (Pd@POPs) were successfully prepared with controllable sizes and dispersity through the introduction of H2PdCl4 into urea-linked porous organic polymers (POPs) in an aqueous environment followed by reducing Pd(II) to Pd(0) by NaBH4. The newly prepared Pd@POPs were thoroughly characterized by FT-IR, ICP-AES, BET, XRD, SEM and TEM. Furthermore, the catalytic reactivities of this novel Pd@POPs were investigated via Heck, Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reaction and nitroarene reduction, and they exhibited superior catalytic performances in all these three reactions, producing the corresponding products in up to quantitative yields. Additionally, the Pd@POPs had excellent recyclability in both Heck and Suzuki-Miyaura cross-coupling reactions with the repeating time up to four times and ten times, respectively, along with no obvious decrease of catalytic reactivities.

Keywords

• Porous organic polymers
• Pd nanoparticles
• Heck cross coupling
• Suzuki-Miyaura cross coupling
• Reduction of nitroarenes