Laser desorption/ionization-mass spectrometry for the analysis of interphases in lithium ion batteries
Valentin Göldner,
Linda Quach,
Egy Adhitama,
Arne Behrens,
Luisa Junk,
Martin Winter,
Tobias Placke,
Frank Glorius,
Uwe Karst
Affiliations
Valentin Göldner
Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Münster, Corrensstraße 48, 48149 Münster, Germany; International Graduate School for Battery Chemistry, Characterization, Analysis, Recycling and Application (BACCARA), University of Münster, Corrensstraße 40, 48149 Münster, Germany
Linda Quach
International Graduate School for Battery Chemistry, Characterization, Analysis, Recycling and Application (BACCARA), University of Münster, Corrensstraße 40, 48149 Münster, Germany; Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Münster, Corrensstraße 36, 48149 Münster, Germany
Egy Adhitama
International Graduate School for Battery Chemistry, Characterization, Analysis, Recycling and Application (BACCARA), University of Münster, Corrensstraße 40, 48149 Münster, Germany; MEET Battery Research Center, Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Münster, Corrensstaße 46, 48149 Münster, Germany
Arne Behrens
Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Münster, Corrensstraße 48, 48149 Münster, Germany; Bruker Daltonics GmbH & Co. KG, Fahrenheitstraße 4, 28359 Bremen, Germany
Luisa Junk
Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Münster, Corrensstraße 48, 48149 Münster, Germany
Martin Winter
International Graduate School for Battery Chemistry, Characterization, Analysis, Recycling and Application (BACCARA), University of Münster, Corrensstraße 40, 48149 Münster, Germany; MEET Battery Research Center, Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Münster, Corrensstaße 46, 48149 Münster, Germany; Helmholtz Institute Münster, IEK-12, Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Corrensstraße 46, 48149 Münster, Germany
Tobias Placke
International Graduate School for Battery Chemistry, Characterization, Analysis, Recycling and Application (BACCARA), University of Münster, Corrensstraße 40, 48149 Münster, Germany; MEET Battery Research Center, Institute of Physical Chemistry, University of Münster, Corrensstaße 46, 48149 Münster, Germany
Frank Glorius
International Graduate School for Battery Chemistry, Characterization, Analysis, Recycling and Application (BACCARA), University of Münster, Corrensstraße 40, 48149 Münster, Germany; Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Münster, Corrensstraße 36, 48149 Münster, Germany
Uwe Karst
Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, University of Münster, Corrensstraße 48, 48149 Münster, Germany; International Graduate School for Battery Chemistry, Characterization, Analysis, Recycling and Application (BACCARA), University of Münster, Corrensstraße 40, 48149 Münster, Germany; Corresponding author
Summary: Laser desorption/ionization-mass spectrometry (LDI-MS) is introduced as a complementary technique for the analysis of interphases formed at electrode|electrolyte interfaces in lithium ion batteries (LIBs). An understanding of these interphases is crucial for designing interphase-forming electrolyte formulations and increasing battery lifetime. Especially organic species are analyzed more effectively using LDI-MS than with established methodologies. The combination with trapped ion mobility spectrometry and tandem mass spectrometry yields additional structural information of interphase components. Furthermore, LDI-MS imaging reveals the lateral distribution of compounds on the electrode surface. Using the introduced methods, a deeper understanding of the mechanism of action of the established solid electrolyte interphase-forming electrolyte additive 3,4-dimethyloxazolidine-2,5-dione (Ala-N-CA) for silicon/graphite anodes is obtained, and active electrochemical transformation products are unambiguously identified. In the future, LDI-MS will help to provide a deeper understanding of interfacial processes in LIBs by using it in a multimodal approach with other surface analysis methods to obtain complementary information.
