Using Banach’s contractive principle and the Laray–Schauder fixed point theorem, we study the uniqueness and existence of solutions to a nonlinear two-term fractional integro-differential equation with the boundary condition based on Babenko’s approach and the Mittag–Leffler function. The current work also corrects major errors in the published paper dealing with a one-term differential equation. Furthermore, we provide examples to illustrate the application of our main theorems.