The Differences in the Level of Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Antibodies after mRNA Vaccine between Convalescent and Non-Previously Infected People Disappear after the Second Dose—Study in Healthcare Workers Group in Poland
Joanna Kwiecińska-Piróg,
Jana Przekwas,
Zuzanna Kraszewska,
Alicja Sękowska,
Sylwia Brodzka,
Natalia Wiktorczyk-Kapischke,
Katarzyna Grudlewska-Buda,
Ewa Wałecka-Zacharska,
Maciej Zacharski,
Aneta Mańkowska-Cyl,
Eugenia Gospodarek-Komkowska,
Krzysztof Skowron
Affiliations
Joanna Kwiecińska-Piróg
Department of Microbiology, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, L. Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland
Jana Przekwas
Department of Microbiology, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, L. Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland
Zuzanna Kraszewska
Department of Microbiology, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, L. Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland
Alicja Sękowska
Department of Microbiology, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, L. Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland
Sylwia Brodzka
Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Science, University of Zielona Gora, 65-417 Zielona Gora, Poland
Natalia Wiktorczyk-Kapischke
Department of Microbiology, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, L. Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland
Katarzyna Grudlewska-Buda
Department of Microbiology, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, L. Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland
Ewa Wałecka-Zacharska
Department of Food Hygiene and Consumer Health, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 50-375 Wroclaw, Poland
Maciej Zacharski
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, 50-375 Wrocaw, Poland
Aneta Mańkowska-Cyl
Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, L. Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland
Eugenia Gospodarek-Komkowska
Department of Microbiology, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, L. Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland
Krzysztof Skowron
Department of Microbiology, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, L. Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, 85-094 Bydgoszcz, Poland
(1) Background: In many infections, antibodies play a crucial role in controlling infection. In COVID-19, the dynamics of the immune system response to SARS-CoV-2 is not fully understood. (2) Methods: The study was conducted on 120 healthcare workers from Dr. Antoni Jurasz University Hospital No. 1 in Bydgoszcz, between June and December 2020. In all participants, IgA and IgG antibody serum concentrations were measured using the semi-quantitative Anti-SARS-CoV-2 ELISA test (Euroimmun). After vaccination, in January and February 2021, antibody levels were examined using the quantitative IgG Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Quantivac ELISA test (Euroimmun). (3) Results: During the whole study period, the SARS-CoV-2 infection was confirmed in 29 (24.2%) participants. In all infected participants, IgA and IgG antibodies were detectable after infection by semi-quantitative serological tests. Levels of antibodies were higher one month after the first dose in the convalescents than in the non-previously infected participants. In this second group, the level of antibodies increased significantly after the second dose of vaccines compared to the first dose. (4) Conclusions: The level of antibodies after the first dose of vaccine in the convalescents’ group is higher than in the SARS-CoV-2 non-infected group, but the differences disappear after the second vaccination.
