Estimation of Antiphospholipid Antibodies, Anticardiolipin Antibodies, Beta-2 Glycoprotein 1 Antibodies in Recurrent Pregnancy Loss - A Case-control Study

Abstract

Introduction: Recurrent miscarriage is the occurrence of three or more consecutive pregnancy loss before 20 weeks of gestation. Antiphospholipid Antibodies (APAs) are one of the causes responsible for recurrent pregnancy loss. Aim: Estimation of APAs, Anticardiolipin Antibodies (ACAs) and Beta-2 Glycoprotein 1 Antibodies (b-2 GP1 Abs) in recurrent pregnancy loss and also to assess which antibody has strong correlation with habitual abortion patients. Materials and Methods: This was a case-control study that included the total number of 45 women of reproductive age group from Obstetrics and Gynaecology Department, KGMU, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, India, out of which 30 women had been taken as case and 15 as control. Dilute Russell Viper Venom Test (DRVVT) was applied for Lupus Anticoagulant (LA) and Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) for ACA, APA and b-2 GP1 Ab. Result: Majority of cases showed higher positivity for b-2 GP1 Abs 11/30 (36.7%) with lesser positivity for ACA 4/30 (13.4%) and APAs 4/30 (13.4%). All the antibodies were absent in control group. Majority of cases showed positivity for b-2 GP1 Ab out of which two cases also showed positivity for ACA, APA and LA. Conclusion: b-2 GP1 Abs are useful and a significant marker in recurrent pregnancy loss in women as compared to ACA and APAs.

Keywords

• dilute russell viper venom test
• habitual abortion
• lupus anticoagulant