Annales Geophysicae (Oct 2002)
<i>Letter to the Editor</i> <br>Energy spectrum of secondary protons above the atmosphere measured by the instruments NINA and NINA-2
- V. Bidoli,
- V. Bidoli,
- V. Bidoli,
- M. Casolino,
- De Pascale,
- G. Furano,
- A. Iannucci,
- A. Morselli,
- P. Picozza,
- R. Sparvoli,
- A. Bakaldin,
- A. Galper,
- S. Koldashov,
- M. Korotkov,
- A. Leonov,
- V. Mikhailov,
- S. Voronov,
- M. Boezio,
- V. Bonvicini,
- A. Vacchi,
- G. Zampa,
- N. Zampa,
- M. Ambriola,
- F. Cafagna,
- M. Circella,
- C. De Marzo,
- O. Adriani,
- P. Papini,
- P. Spillantini,
- S. Straulino,
- E. Vannuccini,
- M. Ricci,
- G. Castellini
Affiliations
- V. Bidoli
- Correspondence to: R. Sparvoli
- V. Bidoli
- ([email protected])
- V. Bidoli
- University of Rome “Tor Vergata" and INFN section of Roma2, Rome, Italy
- M. Casolino
- University of Rome “Tor Vergata" and INFN section of Roma2, Rome, Italy
- De Pascale
- University of Rome “Tor Vergata" and INFN section of Roma2, Rome, Italy
- G. Furano
- University of Rome “Tor Vergata" and INFN section of Roma2, Rome, Italy
- A. Iannucci
- University of Rome “Tor Vergata" and INFN section of Roma2, Rome, Italy
- A. Morselli
- University of Rome “Tor Vergata" and INFN section of Roma2, Rome, Italy
- P. Picozza
- University of Rome “Tor Vergata" and INFN section of Roma2, Rome, Italy
- R. Sparvoli
- University of Rome “Tor Vergata" and INFN section of Roma2, Rome, Italy
- A. Bakaldin
- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow, Russia
- A. Galper
- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow, Russia
- S. Koldashov
- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow, Russia
- M. Korotkov
- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow, Russia
- A. Leonov
- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow, Russia
- V. Mikhailov
- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow, Russia
- S. Voronov
- Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow, Russia
- M. Boezio
- University of Trieste and INFN section of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
- V. Bonvicini
- University of Trieste and INFN section of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
- A. Vacchi
- University of Trieste and INFN section of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
- G. Zampa
- University of Trieste and INFN section of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
- N. Zampa
- University of Trieste and INFN section of Trieste, Trieste, Italy
- M. Ambriola
- University of Bari and INFN section of Bari, Bari, Italy
- F. Cafagna
- University of Bari and INFN section of Bari, Bari, Italy
- M. Circella
- University of Bari and INFN section of Bari, Bari, Italy
- C. De Marzo
- University of Bari and INFN section of Bari, Bari, Italy
- O. Adriani
- University of Florence and INFN section of Florence, Florence, Italy
- P. Papini
- University of Florence and INFN section of Florence, Florence, Italy
- P. Spillantini
- University of Florence and INFN section of Florence, Florence, Italy
- S. Straulino
- University of Florence and INFN section of Florence, Florence, Italy
- E. Vannuccini
- University of Florence and INFN section of Florence, Florence, Italy
- M. Ricci
- INFN National Laboratories of Frascati, Frascati, Italy
- G. Castellini
- Institute of Applied Physics “Nello Carrara", CNR, Florence, Italy
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.5194/angeo-20-1693-2002
- Journal volume & issue
-
Vol. 20
pp. 1693 – 1697
Abstract
In this paper we report on the energy spectrum of protons of albedo origin measured by the instruments NINA and NINA-2 at different geomagnetic locations, and the behaviour of the proton flux as a function of altitude out of the South Atlantic Anomaly. The instrument NINA was used on board the satellite Resurs-01-N4 between 1998 and 1999, at an altitude of about 830 km. The NINA-2 apparatus, on board the satellite MITA, was put into orbit in July 2000, at an altitude of about 450 km. A detailed understanding of the fluxes of charged particles in near Earth orbit is important to reach an accurate theoretical description of the Earth’s magnetic field, but also as input for the calculation of the back-ground for scientific instruments aboard satellites, like the future AGILE and GLAST g astronomy telescopes.Key words. Magnetospheric physics (energetic particles, trapped; instruments and techniques)
