Advanced trauma life support training outcomes in Saudi Arabia: a four-year multicenter analysis of influential characteristics and factors (2019-2023)

Abstract

BACKGROUND: The prevalence of trauma necessitates effective training for healthcare providers in Saudi Arabia. The Advanced Trauma Life Support (ATLS) program is pivotal, yet localized success rate data are lacking. OBJECTIVES: Determine the failure rate and identify factors influencing ATLS course success rates among physicianss in Saudi Arabia. DESIGN: A retrospective cohort. SETTING: Two major accredited ATLS training centers in Riyadh. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Participants who completed ATLS training at the Trauma Courses Office at the Ministry of National Guard Health Affairs from January 2019 to December 2020, and at the Clinical Skills and Simulation Center at King Saud University Medical City from December 2020 through January 2023. Particpitants were grouped as interns and all physicians other than interns, for the purpose of analysis. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Success and failure rates were the primary outcomes, with failure identified as a score of less than 75% or below standard performance in the practical session. SAMPLE SIZE: 603 RESULTS: The overall failure rate for the ATLS courses was 36.6%. Analysis revealed age, pre-test scores, and attendance at a refresher course as significant predictors of success. Specifically, general practitioners and OMFS specialists had a higher odds of failing, while general surgeons and trauma-related specialties consultants were more likely to succeed. CONCLUSION: ATLS course failure is notably high, with specific specialties and levels demonstrating increased risk. Results indicate a need for tailored pre-course preparation and an extension of the course duration for less experienced participants to improve proficiency, especially for at-risk groups. LIMITATIONS: Retrospective design and other variables, such as emotional status, level of instructors, and level of motivation.