Toxicological Assessment of Biodegradable Poli-ε-Caprolactone Polymer Composite Materials Containing Hydroxyapatite, Bioglass, and Chitosan as Potential Biomaterials for Bone Regeneration Scaffolds
Aleksandra Skubis-Sikora,
Andrzej Hudecki,
Bartosz Sikora,
Patrycja Wieczorek,
Mateusz Hermyt,
Marek Hreczka,
Wirginia Likus,
Jarosław Markowski,
Krzysztof Siemianowicz,
Aleksandra Kolano-Burian,
Piotr Czekaj
Affiliations
Aleksandra Skubis-Sikora
Department of Cytophysiology, Chair of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 40-055 Katowice, Poland
Andrzej Hudecki
Łukasiewicz Research Network-Institute of Non-Ferrous Metals, 44-121 Gliwice, Poland
Bartosz Sikora
Department of Cytophysiology, Chair of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 40-055 Katowice, Poland
Patrycja Wieczorek
Department of Cytophysiology, Chair of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 40-055 Katowice, Poland
Mateusz Hermyt
Department of Cytophysiology, Chair of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 40-055 Katowice, Poland
Marek Hreczka
Łukasiewicz Research Network-Institute of Non-Ferrous Metals, 44-121 Gliwice, Poland
Wirginia Likus
Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Health Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 40-055 Katowice, Poland
Jarosław Markowski
Department of Laryngology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 40-055 Katowice, Poland
Krzysztof Siemianowicz
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 40-055 Katowice, Poland
Aleksandra Kolano-Burian
Łukasiewicz Research Network-Institute of Non-Ferrous Metals, 44-121 Gliwice, Poland
Piotr Czekaj
Department of Cytophysiology, Chair of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medical Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, 40-055 Katowice, Poland
Polycaprolactone (PCL) is a biodegradable polyester that might be used in tissue engineering to obtain scaffolds for bone reconstruction using 3D-printing technologies. New material compositions based on PCL, with improved physicochemical properties and excellent biocompatibility, would improve its applicability in bone regeneration. The aim of this study was to assess the potential toxic effects of PCL-based composite materials containing 5% hydroxyapatite (PCL/SHAP), 5% bioglass (PCL/BIO), or 5% chitosan (PCL/CH) on MG-63 human fibroblast-like cells in vitro. Material tests were carried out using X-ray diffraction, differential thermal analysis/thermal gravimetry, BET specific surface analysis, and scanning electron microscopy. The effect of the biomaterials on the MG-63 cells was then assessed based on toxicity tests using indirect and direct contact methods. The analysis showed that the tested biomaterials did not significantly affect cell morphology, viability, proliferation, or migration. We concluded that biodegradable PCL-based scaffolds may be suitable for tissue scaffold production, and the addition of bioglass improves the growth of cultured cells.
