Chemically Modified Biomimetic Carbon-Coated Iron Nanoparticles for Stent Coatings: In Vitro Cytocompatibility and In Vivo Structural Changes in Human Atherosclerotic Plaques
Shamil Akhmedov,
Sergey Afanasyev,
Marina Trusova,
Pavel Postnikov,
Yulia Rogovskaya,
Elena Grakova,
Kristina Kopeva,
Rosa Karen Carreon Paz,
Sascha Balakin,
Hans-Peter Wiesmann,
Joerg Opitz,
Benjamin Kruppke,
Natalia Beshchasna,
Sergey Popov
Affiliations
Shamil Akhmedov
Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Cardiology Research Institute, 634012 Tomsk, Russia
Sergey Afanasyev
Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Cardiology Research Institute, 634012 Tomsk, Russia
Marina Trusova
Research School of Chemistry and Applied Biomedical Sciences, Tomsk Polytechnic University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
Pavel Postnikov
Research School of Chemistry and Applied Biomedical Sciences, Tomsk Polytechnic University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
Yulia Rogovskaya
Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Cardiology Research Institute, 634012 Tomsk, Russia
Elena Grakova
Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Cardiology Research Institute, 634012 Tomsk, Russia
Kristina Kopeva
Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Cardiology Research Institute, 634012 Tomsk, Russia
Rosa Karen Carreon Paz
Fraunhofer Institute for Ceramic Technologies and Systems IKTS, 01109 Dresden, Germany
Sascha Balakin
Fraunhofer Institute for Ceramic Technologies and Systems IKTS, 01109 Dresden, Germany
Hans-Peter Wiesmann
Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials, Institute of Materials Science, Technische Universität Dresden, 01069 Dresden, Germany
Joerg Opitz
Fraunhofer Institute for Ceramic Technologies and Systems IKTS, 01109 Dresden, Germany
Benjamin Kruppke
Max Bergmann Center of Biomaterials, Institute of Materials Science, Technische Universität Dresden, 01069 Dresden, Germany
Natalia Beshchasna
Fraunhofer Institute for Ceramic Technologies and Systems IKTS, 01109 Dresden, Germany
Sergey Popov
Tomsk National Research Medical Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Cardiology Research Institute, 634012 Tomsk, Russia
Atherosclerosis, a systematic degenerative disease related to the buildup of plaques in human vessels, remains the major cause of morbidity in the field of cardiovascular health problems, which are the number one cause of death globally. Novel atheroprotective HDL-mimicking chemically modified carbon-coated iron nanoparticles (Fe@C NPs) were produced by gas-phase synthesis and modified with organic functional groups of a lipophilic nature. Modified and non-modified Fe@C NPs, immobilized with polycaprolactone on stainless steel, showed high cytocompatibility in human endothelial cell culture. Furthermore, after ex vivo treatment of native atherosclerotic plaques obtained during open carotid endarterectomy surgery, Fe@C NPs penetrated the inner structures and caused structural changes of atherosclerotic plaques, depending on the period of implantation in Wistar rats, serving as a natural bioreactor. The high biocompatibility of the Fe@C NPs shows great potential in the treatment of atherosclerosis disease as an active substance of stent coatings to prevent restenosis and the formation of atherosclerotic plaques.
