eLife (Mar 2023)

Computational modeling of cambium activity provides a regulatory framework for simulating radial plant growth

  • Ivan Lebovka,
  • Bruno Hay Mele,
  • Xiaomin Liu,
  • Alexandra Zakieva,
  • Theresa Schlamp,
  • Nial Rau Gursanscky,
  • Roeland MH Merks,
  • Ruth Großeholz,
  • Thomas Greb

DOI
https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.66627
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 12

Abstract

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Precise organization of growing structures is a fundamental process in developmental biology. In plants, radial growth is mediated by the cambium, a stem cell niche continuously producing wood (xylem) and bast (phloem) in a strictly bidirectional manner. While this process contributes large parts to terrestrial biomass, cambium dynamics eludes direct experimental access due to obstacles in live-cell imaging. Here, we present a cell-based computational model visualizing cambium activity and integrating the function of central cambium regulators. Performing iterative comparisons of plant and model anatomies, we conclude that the receptor-like kinase PXY and its ligand CLE41 are part of a minimal framework sufficient for instructing tissue organization. By integrating tissue-specific cell wall stiffness values, we moreover probe the influence of physical constraints on tissue geometry. Our model highlights the role of intercellular communication within the cambium and shows that a limited number of factors are sufficient to create radial growth by bidirectional tissue production.

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