Kidney Lesions Associated with Systemic Vasculitis: Report of 25 Cases in Morocco

Abstract

In this retrospective study, we report 25 patients with renal injury caused by systemic vasculitis. These patients were hospitalized at the department of nephrology-hemodialysis in Ibn Rochd hospital from 1985 to 1998. The mean age of the patients was 36 years (range 3 to 57 years) with male predominance (68%). The clinical presentations included cutaneous purpura in 80% of the patients, arthritis in 60% and pulmonary hemorrhage in 20%. The renal injury manifested as abnormal urinary sediment in 20 of the study patients (80%), nephritic syndrome in 14 (56%), renal failure in nine (36%). Three patients (12%) had renal failure as the initial presentation followed by the other manifestations of vasculitis. The anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA) have been checked in only six patients of whom four were positive. Henoch-Schonlein purpura was the most common clinical sign in 11 patients (44%) followed by Behcet′s disease in five (20%). The treatment was variable in type and duration but generally included corticoids alone or in combination with immunosuppressants. The prognosis of the renal injury was variable. The renal function remained stable in those with Henoch-Schonlein purpura, but was less favorable with the other etiologies with more predominance of renal failure and end-stage renal disease. This retrospective analysis of our experience is given to throw light on the pattern of vasculitis in our region.