Relationship of Bone Marrow Plasma Cell Morphology with Cytogenetic Abnormalities in Patients with Multiple Myeloma

Abstract

Introduction: Cytogenetics has become an integral part of Multiple Myeloma (MM) diagnosis and prognostication. A combination of conventional cytogenetics and interphase Fluorescence In-Situ Hybridisation (FISH) is currently used to stratify tumours into high, intermediate and standard risk disease. Aim: To compare the morphological details of plasma cells with cytogenetic abnormalities. Materials and Methods: The present retrospective crosssectional study was conducted at Department of Pathology Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana in three and a half year duration (1st January 2014 to 30th June 2017). All the diagnosed MM patients in whom cytogenetic was available were included and descriptive analysis was done using ChiSquare test and relevant statistical analysis using SPSS 21 version. Correlation was done with various morphological pattern (plasmacytic, plasma blastic). Results: Cytogenetic studies were performed on 42 cases using FISH technique (n=31, 81.6%) and GTG (Giemsa) banding (n=4, 10.5%). Three (7.9%) patients were tested with both methods. In the present study, all the patients (n=2,100%) with plasmablastic morphology who got tested with cytogenetics had del13q14.3 and none of the patients with normal genome (n=22) had plasmablastic morphology. Conclusion: Morphologic patterns of plasma cells and cytogenetic studies correlate well and can together help in better prognostication of MM patients.

Keywords

• genetics
• plasma cell neoplasms
• plasmablastic morphology
• prognosis`