Frontiers in Marine Science (Mar 2024)
Observing change in pelagic animals as sampling methods shift: the case of Antarctic krill
- Simeon L. Hill,
- Angus Atkinson,
- Javier A. Arata,
- Anna Belcher,
- Anna Belcher,
- Susan Bengtson Nash,
- Kim S. Bernard,
- Alison Cleary,
- Alison Cleary,
- John A. Conroy,
- Ryan Driscoll,
- Sophie Fielding,
- Hauke Flores,
- Jaume Forcada,
- Svenja Halfter,
- Jefferson T. Hinke,
- Luis Hückstädt,
- Luis Hückstädt,
- Nadine M. Johnston,
- Mary Kane,
- So Kawaguchi,
- Bjørn A. Krafft,
- Lucas Krüger,
- Hyoung Sul La,
- Cecilia M. Liszka,
- Bettina Meyer,
- Bettina Meyer,
- Bettina Meyer,
- Eugene J. Murphy,
- Evgeny A. Pakhomov,
- Frances Perry,
- Andrea Piñones,
- Michael J. Polito,
- Keith Reid,
- Christian Reiss,
- Emilce Rombola,
- Ryan A. Saunders,
- Katrin Schmidt,
- Zephyr T. Sylvester,
- Akinori Takahashi,
- Geraint A. Tarling,
- Phil N. Trathan,
- Devi Veytia,
- George M. Watters,
- José C. Xavier,
- José C. Xavier,
- Guang Yang
Affiliations
- Simeon L. Hill
- Ecosystems Team, British Antarctic Survey, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Angus Atkinson
- Plymouth Marine Laboratory, Prospect Place, The Hoe, Plymouth, United Kingdom
- Javier A. Arata
- Association of Responsible Krill Harvesting Companies, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Anna Belcher
- Ecosystems Team, British Antarctic Survey, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Anna Belcher
- Forest Research, Northern Research Station, Roslin, United Kingdom
- Susan Bengtson Nash
- Southern Ocean Persistent Organic Pollutants Program, Centre for Planetary Health and Food Security, Griffith University, Nathan, QLD, Australia
- Kim S. Bernard
- College of Earth, Ocean, and Atmospheric Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, United States
- Alison Cleary
- Ecosystems Team, British Antarctic Survey, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Alison Cleary
- Australian Antarctic Division, Kingston, TAS, Australia
- John A. Conroy
- Virginia Institute of Marine Science, William & Mary, Williamsburg, VA, United States
- Ryan Driscoll
- Polar Biological Oceanography Division, Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, Germany
- Sophie Fielding
- Ecosystems Team, British Antarctic Survey, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Hauke Flores
- Polar Biological Oceanography Division, Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, Germany
- Jaume Forcada
- Ecosystems Team, British Antarctic Survey, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Svenja Halfter
- 0National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research, Auckland, New Zealand
- Jefferson T. Hinke
- 1Antarctic Ecosystem Research Division, Southwest Fisheries Science Centre, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, La Jolla, CA, United States
- Luis Hückstädt
- 2Institute of Marine Science, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA, United States
- Luis Hückstädt
- 3Centre for Ecology and Conservation, University of Exeter, Penryn, United Kingdom
- Nadine M. Johnston
- Ecosystems Team, British Antarctic Survey, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Mary Kane
- 4Mediterranean Institute for Advanced Studies, Esporles, Spain
- So Kawaguchi
- 7Division of Ocean Sciences, Korea Polar Research Institute, Incheon, Republic of Korea
- Bjørn A. Krafft
- 5Plankton Department, Institute of Marine Research, Bergen, Norway
- Lucas Krüger
- 6Departamento Científico, Instituto Antártico Chileno, Punta Arenas, Chile
- Hyoung Sul La
- 7Division of Ocean Sciences, Korea Polar Research Institute, Incheon, Republic of Korea
- Cecilia M. Liszka
- Ecosystems Team, British Antarctic Survey, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Bettina Meyer
- Polar Biological Oceanography Division, Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, Germany
- Bettina Meyer
- 8Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment, Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
- Bettina Meyer
- 9Helmholtz Institute for Functional Marine Biodiversity (HIFMB), University of Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany
- Eugene J. Murphy
- Ecosystems Team, British Antarctic Survey, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Evgeny A. Pakhomov
- 0Department of Earth, Ocean & Atmospheric Sciences (EOAS), Institute for the Oceans and Fisheries and the Institute for the Oceans and Fisheries, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
- Frances Perry
- 1Marine Biological Association, The Laboratory, Plymouth, United Kingdom
- Andrea Piñones
- 2Institute of Marine and Limnological Sciences, Austral University of Chile, Valdivia, Chile
- Michael J. Polito
- 3Department of Oceanography and Coastal Sciences Louisiana State University, 93 South Quad Dr. Room 1239 Energy, Coast & Environment Building, Baton Rouge, LA, United States
- Keith Reid
- 4Ross Analytics, Hobart, TAS, Australia
- Christian Reiss
- 1Antarctic Ecosystem Research Division, Southwest Fisheries Science Centre, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, La Jolla, CA, United States
- Emilce Rombola
- 5Dirección Nacional del Antártico, Instituto Antártico Argentino, San Martín, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Ryan A. Saunders
- Ecosystems Team, British Antarctic Survey, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Katrin Schmidt
- 6University of Plymouth, School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, Plymouth, United Kingdom
- Zephyr T. Sylvester
- 7Environmental Studies Program, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, United States
- Akinori Takahashi
- 8National Institute of Polar Research, Tokyo, Japan
- Geraint A. Tarling
- Ecosystems Team, British Antarctic Survey, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Phil N. Trathan
- Ecosystems Team, British Antarctic Survey, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Devi Veytia
- 9Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia
- George M. Watters
- 1Antarctic Ecosystem Research Division, Southwest Fisheries Science Centre, National Marine Fisheries Service, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, La Jolla, CA, United States
- José C. Xavier
- Ecosystems Team, British Antarctic Survey, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- José C. Xavier
- 0University of Coimbra, Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre/ARNET - Aquatic Research Network, Department of Life Sciences, Coimbra, Portugal
- Guang Yang
- 1Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao, China
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2024.1307402
- Journal volume & issue
-
Vol. 11
Abstract
Understanding and managing the response of marine ecosystems to human pressures including climate change requires reliable large-scale and multi-decadal information on the state of key populations. These populations include the pelagic animals that support ecosystem services including carbon export and fisheries. The use of research vessels to collect information using scientific nets and acoustics is being replaced with technologies such as autonomous moorings, gliders, and meta-genetics. Paradoxically, these newer methods sample pelagic populations at ever-smaller spatial scales, and ecological change might go undetected in the time needed to build up large-scale, long time series. These global-scale issues are epitomised by Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba), which is concentrated in rapidly warming areas, exports substantial quantities of carbon and supports an expanding fishery, but opinion is divided on how resilient their stocks are to climatic change. Based on a workshop of 137 krill experts we identify the challenges of observing climate change impacts with shifting sampling methods and suggest three tractable solutions. These are to: improve overlap and calibration of new with traditional methods; improve communication to harmonise, link and scale up the capacity of new but localised sampling programs; and expand opportunities from other research platforms and data sources, including the fishing industry. Contrasting evidence for both change and stability in krill stocks illustrates how the risks of false negative and false positive diagnoses of change are related to the temporal and spatial scale of sampling. Given the uncertainty about how krill are responding to rapid warming we recommend a shift towards a fishery management approach that prioritises monitoring of stock status and can adapt to variability and change.
Keywords
