Characterization of the complete mitogenome of Tiarella polyphylla, commonly known as Asian foamflower: insights into the multi-chromosomes structure and DNA transfers

Abstract

Abstract Background Tiarella polyphylla D. Don has been traditionally used to cure asthma and skin eruptions. However, the sequence and the structure of the mitogenome of T. polyphylla remained elusive, limiting the genomic and evolution analysis based on the mitogenome. Results Using a combination of Illumina and Nanopore sequencing reads, we de novo assembled the complete mitogenome of T. polyphylla. In addition to unveiling the major configuration of the T. polyphylla mitogenome was three circular chromosomes with lengths of 430,435 bp, 126,943 bp, and 55,269 bp, we revealed five (R01-R05) and one (R06) repetitive sequence could mediate the intra- and inter-chromosomal recombination, respectively. Furthermore, we identified 208 short and 25 long tandem segments, seven cp-derived mtDNAs, 106 segments of mtDNAs transferred to the nuclear genome, and 653 predicted RNA editing sites. Based on the sequence of the mitogenomes, we obtained the resolved phylogeny of the seven Saxifragales species. Conclusions These results presented the mitogenome features and expanded its potential applications in phylogenetics, species identification, and cytoplasmic male sterility (CMS) in the future.

Keywords

• Tiarella polyphylla
• Mitochondrial genome
• Recombination
• DNA transfers
• Saxifragales