Erbil Dental Journal (Jun 2025)
The Effect of Cyclosporine and Tacrolimus Systemic Therapy on Gingival Overgrowth in Renal Transplant Patients Aged Between 18-70 Years in Erbil City-Iraq
Abstract
Background: Gingival overgrowth has been linked to systemic therapy with Cyclosporine and Tacrolimus in Renal transplanted cases. Aim: The prevalence and characteristics of gingival overgrowth and periodontal treatment will be examined in patients taking cyclosporine and tacrolimus after renal transplantation in patients aged 18-70 in Erbil city. Patients and Methods: In this study, sixty kidney transplanted patients on immunosuppressive maintenance therapy in the renal transplant unit of Hawler teaching hospital in Erbil city, Kurdistan region/ Iraq were randomly selected and retrospectively examined All patients aged over 18 years old. In medical records information regarding: drug use duration; oral hygiene index; bleeding index; and clinical gingival overgrowth index were transported into a specific data file made for research purpose. Clinical evaluations were done at baseline and three months after periodontal treatment. Using SPSS version 24.0, descriptive statistics were used to assess demographics and periodontal parameters at a significance level of p < 0.05. Results: The trial comprised 56.66% cyclosporine and 43.33% tacrolimus. The cyclosporine group included 61.76% male while the tacrolimus group included 73.07% female. The average treatment duration was 79.69±10.27 days in cyclosporine and 67.11±9.79 in tacrolimus. The majority of individuals brushed twice daily (52.94% cyclosporine, 46.15% tacrolimus) and had acceptable oral hygiene (70.58%, 73.07%) respectively. Cyclosporine caused grade 2 gingival overgrowth in 55.88% compared to 11.53% in tacrolimus. Both groups had lower plaque and bleeding indices after scaling and polishing. The tacrolimus group showed more improvement. Conclusion: Compared to cyclosporine, the tacrolimus group showed less prevalence and severity of gingival overgrowth and better response to periodontal therapy.
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