Translation of Elements of the Extralinguistic Context in the First Volume of "AlKetab" by Sibaviye

Abstract

Contemporary linguists have two completely different perspectives on the meaning and significance of a word; some believe that meaning can only be obtained in relation to other words and in the world of language, and some are opposed to this view and believe that in addition to the world of language, the world outside language should also be studied and analyzed to get the exact meaning of the sentence. Therefore, the non-linguistic context, which is called the situational context, is of great importance. But the important point is that Islamic scholars such as Sibavayeh, as the first Arabic grammarian, also paid special attention to context. Although he did not use the term context, in "AlKetab" we come across methods and words which are called context today. Therefore, this article tries to show the context in "AlKetab" and the factors involved in the interpretation of sentences in a descriptive-analytical way and then translate them. The results of this study show that in addition to the linguistic context, Sibavayeh also attaches great importance to the speaker, the audience, and the conditions of speech. The audience of "AlKetab" is of two types: the audience who is next to the speaker and present in the phrases, and the audience who is outside of "AlKetab". The speaker also appears in the form of the absent pronoun and the addressee. Therefore, it is suggested that in the translation process, these pronouns be rendered to their references.

Keywords

• sibavayeh
• alketab
• situational context
• translation