Hydatid cyst in the neck mimicking lymphangioma; a case report with a brief literature review

Abstract

Hydatid cyst is a zoonotic disease commonly caused by the larval stage of Echinococcus granulosus. The involvement of the head and neck regions is an exceedingly rare phenomenon even in endemic geographical areas. The present study aims to report an incidental finding of a hydatid cyst in the left anterior triangle of the neck. A 24-year-old male presented with a swelling on the left side of the neck. It started to increase gradually over the last year. It was firm and immobile. There were neither overlying skin changes nor associated palpable lymph nodes. Imaging modalities - ultrasound and CT scan - showed a cystic lesion in the neck. Cystotomy and pericystectomy were performed, and the hydatid cyst was removed. Histopathological examination identified the specimen as a hydatid cyst. Hydatid cyst of the neck is a tremendously rare entity that comprises about 0.75% of all cases of hydatid cysts. All age groups are susceptible to this disease, though it is more common in younger individuals. The involvement of the neck is thought to be caused by the systemic circulation of the Echinococcus embryos in the lymphatic system. A hydatid cyst of the neck is a very rare entity. It can be easily misdiagnosed. The the diagnosis should be suspected in cases with cyst-like lesions on imaging modalities to anticipate the proper management and prevent unnecessary complications.

Keywords

• Zoonosis
• Echinococcus
• Infection