The effects of herbal plant extract on the growth performance, blood parameters, nutrient digestibility and carcase quality of rabbits: A meta-analysis
Danung Nur Adli,
Sugiharto Sugiharto,
Agung Irawan,
Yuli Arif Tribudi,
Syahputra Wibowo,
Amirul Faiz Mohd Azmi,
Osfar Sjofjan,
Anuraga Jayanegara,
Heli Tistiana,
Teguh Wahyono,
Siska Aditya,
Mohammad Miftakhus Sholikin,
Sadarman Sadarman
Affiliations
Danung Nur Adli
Department of Nutrition and Feed Technology, Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Brawijaya, East Java, Malang, 65145, Indonesia; Animal Feed and Nutrition Modelling (AFENUE) Research Group, Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University, Bogor, West Java, 16680, Indonesia
Sugiharto Sugiharto
Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Animal and Agricultural Sciences, Universitas Diponegoro, Central Java, Semarang, Indonesia; Corresponding author.
Agung Irawan
Vocational School, Universitas Sebelas Maret, Surakarta, Indonesia; Department of Animal and Rangeland Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA; Animal Feed and Nutrition Modelling (AFENUE) Research Group, Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University, Bogor, West Java, 16680, Indonesia
Yuli Arif Tribudi
Department of Animal Science, Universitas Tanjungpura, Pontianak, Indonesia
Syahputra Wibowo
Eijkman Research Center for Molecular Biology, National Research and Innovation Agency, Cibinong, West Java, Indonesia
Amirul Faiz Mohd Azmi
Department of Veterinary Preclinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Unviersiti Malaysia Kelantan, 16100, Pengkalan Chepa, Kelantan, Malaysia
Osfar Sjofjan
Department of Nutrition and Feed Technology, Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Brawijaya, East Java, Malang, 65145, Indonesia
Anuraga Jayanegara
Department of Nutrition and Feed Technology, Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University, Bogor, West Java, 16680, Indonesia; Animal Feed and Nutrition Modelling (AFENUE) Research Group, Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University, Bogor, West Java, 16680, Indonesia
Heli Tistiana
Department of Nutrition and Feed Technology, Faculty of Animal Science, Universitas Brawijaya, East Java, Malang, 65145, Indonesia
Teguh Wahyono
The National Agency for Research and Innovation of the Republic of Indonesia, B.J. Habibie Building, M.H. Thamrin Street No. 8, Jakarta, 10340, Indonesia; Animal Feed and Nutrition Modelling (AFENUE) Research Group, Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University, Bogor, West Java, 16680, Indonesia
Siska Aditya
The National Agency for Research and Innovation of the Republic of Indonesia, B.J. Habibie Building, M.H. Thamrin Street No. 8, Jakarta, 10340, Indonesia; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Puncak Dieng Eksklusif, Kalisongo, Dau, Malang, East Java, 6514, Indonesia; Animal Feed and Nutrition Modelling (AFENUE) Research Group, Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University, Bogor, West Java, 16680, Indonesia
Mohammad Miftakhus Sholikin
The National Agency for Research and Innovation of the Republic of Indonesia, B.J. Habibie Building, M.H. Thamrin Street No. 8, Jakarta, 10340, Indonesia; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Brawijaya, Puncak Dieng Eksklusif, Kalisongo, Dau, Malang, East Java, 6514, Indonesia; Animal Feed and Nutrition Modelling (AFENUE) Research Group, Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University, Bogor, West Java, 16680, Indonesia
Sadarman Sadarman
Department of Animal Science, Universitas Islam Negeri Sultan Syarif Kasim Riau, Pekanbaru, Indonesia; Animal Feed and Nutrition Modelling (AFENUE) Research Group, Faculty of Animal Science, IPB University, Bogor, West Java, 16680, Indonesia
A meta-analysis was conducted to determine the effects of herbal plant extracts on the growth performance, blood parameters, nutrient digestibility and carcase quality of farmed rabbits. A dataset was created from 33 in vivo studies comprising 121 experimental units. Statistical meta-analysis was performed using a random-effects model and linear-mixed model meta-regression using R software (v. 4.3.0). Our results showed that although supplemental herbs did not affect average daily gain (ADG) and final body weight (BW), they reduced (P < 0.01) feed conversion ratio and mortality and increased the digestibility of dry matter (DM) (P = 0.014) and crude protein (CP) (P = 0.018). The herbal extracts also increased (P = 0.037) blood high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and decreased (P = 0.004) low-density lipoprotein (LDL). Immunoglobulin M (IgM) was elevated (P = 0.009) by herbal plant extract supplementation, although most blood components were unaffected. The inclusion of herbal plant extract up to 300 g/kg increased (P = 0.011) carcase percentage while the weight and percentage of other organs were unaffected. Subgroup meta-analysis further explained the different effect of the type of herbal plant extract. Moringa, olive oil, and pepper were more favourable to increase final BW compared to the other herbs. Interestingly, the majority of herbs showed efficacy in reducing mortality. A majority of the response variables in our meta-analysis showed no dose-response effect except for ADG, mortality, HDL, and LDL which were improved by herbs supplementation. The evidence from the perspective of both meta-analysis and meta-regression shows that the addition of herbs tends to positively affect the parameters for production performance and blood metabolites in farmed rabbits.