Biomedicines (Sep 2022)

Oncological Outcomes in Patients with Metastatic Urothelial Carcinoma after Discontinuing Pembrolizumab as a Second-Line Treatment: A Retrospective Multicenter Real-World Cohort Study

  • Toyohiro Yamada,
  • Keita Nakane,
  • Torai Enomoto,
  • Masayuki Tomioka,
  • Tomoki Taniguchi,
  • Takashi Ishida,
  • Kaori Ozawa,
  • Kimiaki Takagi,
  • Hiroki Ito,
  • Shinichi Takeuchi,
  • Makoto Kawase,
  • Kota Kawase,
  • Daiki Kato,
  • Manabu Takai,
  • Koji Iinuma,
  • Shigeaki Yokoi,
  • Masahiro Nakano,
  • Takuya Koie

DOI
https://doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines10092243
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 10, no. 9
p. 2243

Abstract

Read online

The treatment options are currently limited, and the oncological outcomes remain unclear, for patients with metastatic urothelial carcinoma (mUC) with or without third-line systemic therapy. We aimed to evaluate the oncological outcomes in real-world daily clinical practice after platinum-based chemotherapy followed by pembrolizumab for mUC. This retrospective, multicenter cohort study included patients with mUC who received second-line pembrolizumab in Japan. The patients were divided into the treatment group (those who received third-line treatment) and the BSC group (those who did not receive other treatments). The primary endpoint of this study was to evaluate the oncological outcomes. Of 126 patients enrolled in this study, 40 received third-line therapy. The median follow-up period was 8.0 months. The median overall survival (OS) times were nine months in the BSC group and 17 months in the treatment group (p p < 0.001). In the multivariate analysis, performance status and liver metastasis were significantly associated with OS. Third-line therapy may have clinical potential advantages for improving the oncological outcomes in patients with mUC.

Keywords