Oncological Outcomes in Patients with Metastatic Urothelial Carcinoma after Discontinuing Pembrolizumab as a Second-Line Treatment: A Retrospective Multicenter Real-World Cohort Study
Toyohiro Yamada,
Keita Nakane,
Torai Enomoto,
Masayuki Tomioka,
Tomoki Taniguchi,
Takashi Ishida,
Kaori Ozawa,
Kimiaki Takagi,
Hiroki Ito,
Shinichi Takeuchi,
Makoto Kawase,
Kota Kawase,
Daiki Kato,
Manabu Takai,
Koji Iinuma,
Shigeaki Yokoi,
Masahiro Nakano,
Takuya Koie
Affiliations
Toyohiro Yamada
Department of Urology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu 5011194, Japan
Keita Nakane
Department of Urology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu 5011194, Japan
Torai Enomoto
Department of Urology, Matsunami General Hospital, Hashima-gun 5016062, Japan
Masayuki Tomioka
Department of Urology, Japanese Red Cross Takayama Hospital, Takayama 5068550, Japan
Tomoki Taniguchi
Department of Urology, Chuno Kosei Hospital, Seki 5013802, Japan
Takashi Ishida
Department of Urology, Gifu Municipal Hospital, Gifu 5008513, Japan
Kaori Ozawa
Department of Urology, Ogaki Municipal Hospital, Ogaki 5038502, Japan
Kimiaki Takagi
Department of Urology, Daiyukai Daiichi Hospital, Ichinomiya 4918551, Japan
Hiroki Ito
Department of Urology, Toyota Memorial Hospital, Toyota 4718513, Japan
Shinichi Takeuchi
Department of Urology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu 5011194, Japan
Makoto Kawase
Department of Urology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu 5011194, Japan
Kota Kawase
Department of Urology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu 5011194, Japan
Daiki Kato
Department of Urology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu 5011194, Japan
Manabu Takai
Department of Urology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu 5011194, Japan
Koji Iinuma
Department of Urology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu 5011194, Japan
Shigeaki Yokoi
Department of Urology, Central Japan International Medical Center, Minokamo 5058510, Japan
Masahiro Nakano
Department of Urology, Gifu Prefectural General Medical Center, Gifu 5008717, Japan
Takuya Koie
Department of Urology, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu 5011194, Japan
The treatment options are currently limited, and the oncological outcomes remain unclear, for patients with metastatic urothelial carcinoma (mUC) with or without third-line systemic therapy. We aimed to evaluate the oncological outcomes in real-world daily clinical practice after platinum-based chemotherapy followed by pembrolizumab for mUC. This retrospective, multicenter cohort study included patients with mUC who received second-line pembrolizumab in Japan. The patients were divided into the treatment group (those who received third-line treatment) and the BSC group (those who did not receive other treatments). The primary endpoint of this study was to evaluate the oncological outcomes. Of 126 patients enrolled in this study, 40 received third-line therapy. The median follow-up period was 8.0 months. The median overall survival (OS) times were nine months in the BSC group and 17 months in the treatment group (p p < 0.001). In the multivariate analysis, performance status and liver metastasis were significantly associated with OS. Third-line therapy may have clinical potential advantages for improving the oncological outcomes in patients with mUC.
