Photoluminescence Investigations of Dy³⁺-Doped Silicate Xerogels and SiO₂-LaF₃ Nano-Glass-Ceramic Materials

Abstract

In this work, the series of Dy3+-doped silicate xerogels were synthesized by sol-gel technique and further processed at 350 °C into SiO2-LaF3:Dy3+ nano-glass-ceramic materials. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements, along with the thermal analysis, indicated that heat-treatment triggered the decomposition of La(TFA)3 inside amorphous sol-gel hosts, resulting in the formation of hexagonal LaF3 phase with average crystal size at about ~10 nm. Based on the photoluminescence results, it was proven that the intensities of blue (4F9/2 → 6H15/2), yellow (4F9/2 → 6H13/2), and red (4F9/2 → 6H11/2) emissions, as well as the calculated yellow-to-blue (Y/B) ratios, are dependent on the nature of fabricated materials, and from fixed La3+:Dy3+ molar ratios. For xerogels, the emission was gradually increased, and the τ(4F9/2) lifetimes were elongated to 42.7 ± 0.3 μs (La3+:Dy3+ = 0.82:0.18), however, for the sample with the lowest La3+:Dy3+ molar ratio (0.70:0.30), the concentration quenching was observed. For SiO2-LaF3:Dy3+ nano-glass-ceramics, the concentration quenching effect was more visible than for xerogels and started from the sample with the highest La3+:Dy3+ molar ratio (0.988:0.012), thus the τ(4F9/2) lifetimes became shorter from 1731.5 ± 5.7 up to 119.8 ± 0.4 μs. The optical results suggest, along with an interpretation of XRD data, that Dy3+ ions were partially entered inside LaF3 phase, resulting in the shortening of Dy3+-Dy3+ inter-ionic distances.

Keywords

• Dy³⁺ ions
• SiO₂-LaF₃ nanocrystalline systems
• sol-gel technique
• visible light emission