International Journal of Nanomedicine (Sep 2021)

Exosomal miR-136-5p Derived from Anlotinib-Resistant NSCLC Cells Confers Anlotinib Resistance in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Through Targeting PPP2R2A

  • Gu G,
  • Hu C,
  • Hui K,
  • Zhang H,
  • Chen T,
  • Zhang X,
  • Jiang X

Journal volume & issue
Vol. Volume 16
pp. 6329 – 6343

Abstract

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Guoqing Gu,1,* Chenxi Hu,1,* Kaiyuan Hui,1 Huiqin Zhang,1 Ting Chen,1 Xin Zhang,2 Xiaodong Jiang1 1Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Lianyungang Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, 222000, People’s Republic of China; 2Lianyungang Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Xiaodong JiangDepartment of Oncology, The Affiliated Lianyungang Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, No. 182 Tongguan North Road, Haizhou District, Lianyungang, Jiangsu, 222000, People’s Republic of ChinaEmail [email protected]: Anlotinib resistance is a challenge for advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Understanding the underlying mechanisms against anlotinib resistance is of great importance to improve prognosis and treatment of patients with advanced NSCLC.Methods: RT-qPCR assay was used to assess the level of miR-136-5p in anlotinib-resistant NSCLC cells and exosomes derived from anlotinib-resistant NSCLC cells. In addition, miR-136-5p level in tumor tissues from patients who exhibited a poor response to anlotinib therapy and patients who were therapy naïve or patients who exhibited a positive response to anlotinib therapy was detected by RT-qPCR assay.Results: In this study, we found that high levels of plasma exosomal miR-136-5p is correlated with clinically poor anlotinib response. In addition, anlotinib-resistant NSCLC cells promoted parental NSCLC cell proliferation via transferring functional miR-136-5p from anlotinib-resistant NSCLC cells to parental NSCLC cells via exosomes. Moreover, exosomal miR-136-5p could endow NSCLC cells with anlotinib resistance by targeting PPP2R2A, leading to the activation of Akt pathway. Furthermore, miR-136-5p antagomir packaging into anlotinib-resistant NSCLC cell-derived exosomes functionally restored NSCLC cell anlotinib sensitivity in vitro. Animal studies showed that A549/anlotinib cell-derived exosomal miR-136-5p agomir promoted A549 cell anlotinib resistance in vivo.Conclusion: Collectively, these findings indicated that anlotinib-resistant NSCLC cell-derived exosomal miR-136-5p confers anlotinib resistance in NSCLC cells by targeting PPP2R2A, indicating miR-136-5p may act as a potential biomarker for anlotinib response in NSCLC.Keywords: advanced non-small cell lung cancer, anlotinib resistance, exosome, microRNA

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