Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems (Jul 2019)
The DOE E3SM Coupled Model Version 1: Overview and Evaluation at Standard Resolution
- Jean‐Christophe Golaz,
- Peter M. Caldwell,
- Luke P. Van Roekel,
- Mark R. Petersen,
- Qi Tang,
- Jonathan D. Wolfe,
- Guta Abeshu,
- Valentine Anantharaj,
- Xylar S. Asay‐Davis,
- David C. Bader,
- Sterling A. Baldwin,
- Gautam Bisht,
- Peter A. Bogenschutz,
- Marcia Branstetter,
- Michael A. Brunke,
- Steven R. Brus,
- Susannah M. Burrows,
- Philip J. Cameron‐Smith,
- Aaron S. Donahue,
- Michael Deakin,
- Richard C. Easter,
- Katherine J. Evans,
- Yan Feng,
- Mark Flanner,
- James G. Foucar,
- Jeremy G. Fyke,
- Brian M. Griffin,
- Cécile Hannay,
- Bryce E. Harrop,
- Mattthew J. Hoffman,
- Elizabeth C. Hunke,
- Robert L. Jacob,
- Douglas W. Jacobsen,
- Nicole Jeffery,
- Philip W. Jones,
- Noel D. Keen,
- Stephen A. Klein,
- Vincent E. Larson,
- L. Ruby Leung,
- Hong‐Yi Li,
- Wuyin Lin,
- William H. Lipscomb,
- Po‐Lun Ma,
- Salil Mahajan,
- Mathew E. Maltrud,
- Azamat Mametjanov,
- Julie L. McClean,
- Renata B. McCoy,
- Richard B. Neale,
- Stephen F. Price,
- Yun Qian,
- Philip J. Rasch,
- J. E. Jack Reeves Eyre,
- William J. Riley,
- Todd D. Ringler,
- Andrew F. Roberts,
- Erika L. Roesler,
- Andrew G. Salinger,
- Zeshawn Shaheen,
- Xiaoying Shi,
- Balwinder Singh,
- Jinyun Tang,
- Mark A. Taylor,
- Peter E. Thornton,
- Adrian K. Turner,
- Milena Veneziani,
- Hui Wan,
- Hailong Wang,
- Shanlin Wang,
- Dean N. Williams,
- Phillip J. Wolfram,
- Patrick H. Worley,
- Shaocheng Xie,
- Yang Yang,
- Jin‐Ho Yoon,
- Mark D. Zelinka,
- Charles S. Zender,
- Xubin Zeng,
- Chengzhu Zhang,
- Kai Zhang,
- Yuying Zhang,
- Xue Zheng,
- Tian Zhou,
- Qing Zhu
Affiliations
- Jean‐Christophe Golaz
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Livermore CA USA
- Peter M. Caldwell
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Livermore CA USA
- Luke P. Van Roekel
- Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos NM USA
- Mark R. Petersen
- Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos NM USA
- Qi Tang
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Livermore CA USA
- Jonathan D. Wolfe
- Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos NM USA
- Guta Abeshu
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Houston Houston TX USA
- Valentine Anantharaj
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge TN USA
- Xylar S. Asay‐Davis
- Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos NM USA
- David C. Bader
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Livermore CA USA
- Sterling A. Baldwin
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Livermore CA USA
- Gautam Bisht
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley CA USA
- Peter A. Bogenschutz
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Livermore CA USA
- Marcia Branstetter
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge TN USA
- Michael A. Brunke
- Department of Hydrology and Atmospheric Sciences University of Arizona Tucson AZ USA
- Steven R. Brus
- Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos NM USA
- Susannah M. Burrows
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Richland WA USA
- Philip J. Cameron‐Smith
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Livermore CA USA
- Aaron S. Donahue
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Livermore CA USA
- Michael Deakin
- Sandia National Laboratory Albuquerque NM USA
- Richard C. Easter
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Richland WA USA
- Katherine J. Evans
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge TN USA
- Yan Feng
- Argonne National Laboratory Lemont IL USA
- Mark Flanner
- Climate and Space Sciences and Engineering University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI USA
- James G. Foucar
- Sandia National Laboratory Albuquerque NM USA
- Jeremy G. Fyke
- Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos NM USA
- Brian M. Griffin
- Department of Mathematical Sciences University of Wisconsin‐Milwaukee Milwaukee WI USA
- Cécile Hannay
- National Center for Atmospheric Research Boulder CO USA
- Bryce E. Harrop
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Richland WA USA
- Mattthew J. Hoffman
- Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos NM USA
- Elizabeth C. Hunke
- Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos NM USA
- Robert L. Jacob
- Argonne National Laboratory Lemont IL USA
- Douglas W. Jacobsen
- Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos NM USA
- Nicole Jeffery
- Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos NM USA
- Philip W. Jones
- Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos NM USA
- Noel D. Keen
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley CA USA
- Stephen A. Klein
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Livermore CA USA
- Vincent E. Larson
- Department of Mathematical Sciences University of Wisconsin‐Milwaukee Milwaukee WI USA
- L. Ruby Leung
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Richland WA USA
- Hong‐Yi Li
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Houston Houston TX USA
- Wuyin Lin
- Brookhaven National Laboratory Upton NY USA
- William H. Lipscomb
- Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos NM USA
- Po‐Lun Ma
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Richland WA USA
- Salil Mahajan
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge TN USA
- Mathew E. Maltrud
- Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos NM USA
- Azamat Mametjanov
- Argonne National Laboratory Lemont IL USA
- Julie L. McClean
- Scripps Institution of Oceanography University of California, San Diego La Jolla CA USA
- Renata B. McCoy
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Livermore CA USA
- Richard B. Neale
- National Center for Atmospheric Research Boulder CO USA
- Stephen F. Price
- Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos NM USA
- Yun Qian
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Richland WA USA
- Philip J. Rasch
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Richland WA USA
- J. E. Jack Reeves Eyre
- Department of Hydrology and Atmospheric Sciences University of Arizona Tucson AZ USA
- William J. Riley
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley CA USA
- Todd D. Ringler
- Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos NM USA
- Andrew F. Roberts
- Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos NM USA
- Erika L. Roesler
- Sandia National Laboratory Albuquerque NM USA
- Andrew G. Salinger
- Sandia National Laboratory Albuquerque NM USA
- Zeshawn Shaheen
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Livermore CA USA
- Xiaoying Shi
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge TN USA
- Balwinder Singh
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Richland WA USA
- Jinyun Tang
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley CA USA
- Mark A. Taylor
- Sandia National Laboratory Albuquerque NM USA
- Peter E. Thornton
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory Oak Ridge TN USA
- Adrian K. Turner
- Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos NM USA
- Milena Veneziani
- Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos NM USA
- Hui Wan
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Richland WA USA
- Hailong Wang
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Richland WA USA
- Shanlin Wang
- Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos NM USA
- Dean N. Williams
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Livermore CA USA
- Phillip J. Wolfram
- Los Alamos National Laboratory Los Alamos NM USA
- Patrick H. Worley
- PHWorley Consulting Oak Ridge TN USA
- Shaocheng Xie
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Livermore CA USA
- Yang Yang
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Richland WA USA
- Jin‐Ho Yoon
- School of Earth Sciences and Environmental Engineering Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology Gwangju South Korea
- Mark D. Zelinka
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Livermore CA USA
- Charles S. Zender
- Departments of Earth System Science and Computer Science University of California Irvine CA USA
- Xubin Zeng
- Department of Hydrology and Atmospheric Sciences University of Arizona Tucson AZ USA
- Chengzhu Zhang
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Livermore CA USA
- Kai Zhang
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Richland WA USA
- Yuying Zhang
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Livermore CA USA
- Xue Zheng
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Livermore CA USA
- Tian Zhou
- Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Richland WA USA
- Qing Zhu
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Berkeley CA USA
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.1029/2018MS001603
- Journal volume & issue
-
Vol. 11,
no. 7
pp. 2089 – 2129
Abstract
Abstract This work documents the first version of the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) new Energy Exascale Earth System Model (E3SMv1). We focus on the standard resolution of the fully coupled physical model designed to address DOE mission‐relevant water cycle questions. Its components include atmosphere and land (110‐km grid spacing), ocean and sea ice (60 km in the midlatitudes and 30 km at the equator and poles), and river transport (55 km) models. This base configuration will also serve as a foundation for additional configurations exploring higher horizontal resolution as well as augmented capabilities in the form of biogeochemistry and cryosphere configurations. The performance of E3SMv1 is evaluated by means of a standard set of Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) Diagnosis, Evaluation, and Characterization of Klima simulations consisting of a long preindustrial control, historical simulations (ensembles of fully coupled and prescribed SSTs) as well as idealized CO2 forcing simulations. The model performs well overall with biases typical of other CMIP‐class models, although the simulated Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation is weaker than many CMIP‐class models. While the E3SMv1 historical ensemble captures the bulk of the observed warming between preindustrial (1850) and present day, the trajectory of the warming diverges from observations in the second half of the twentieth century with a period of delayed warming followed by an excessive warming trend. Using a two‐layer energy balance model, we attribute this divergence to the model's strong aerosol‐related effective radiative forcing (ERFari+aci = −1.65 W/m2) and high equilibrium climate sensitivity (ECS = 5.3 K).
