Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research (Mar 2024)
Association between Iron Indices and Dyslipidemia among Patients with Iron Deficiency Anaemia: A Cross-sectional Study
Abstract
Introduction: Iron Deficiency Anaemia (IDA) is a major public health problem in India. Iron plays a role in hepatic lipogenesis, being an integral part of some enzymes and transporters involved in lipid metabolism. Since information on the association between iron metabolism and dyslipidemia in adults is limited, it is important to assess the lipid status in iron-deficient patients. Aim: To study the association of iron indices with the lipid profile among patients with iron deficiency anaemia. Materials and Methods: This hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of Paramedical and Health Sciences, Parul Institute of Paramedical and Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Parul University, Vadodara, Gujarat, India, from December 2022 to May 2023. In the present study, 100 IDA patients aged between 25-45 years were included. All the participants underwent different tests including Total Cholesterol (TC), Triglyceride (TG), High Density Lipoprotein-Cholesterol (HDL-C), and Low Density Lipoprotein-Cholesterol (LDL-C). Furthermore, the association between IDA patients and lipid levels was analysed. The data were statistically analysed using Pearson’s correlation test and Chi-square test. Results: In the present study, out of a total of 100 patients, 38 were males and 62 were females. The majority of IDA patients had lower levels of TC, TG, and LDL-C. Low levels of TC and LDL were found in 52 (83.87%) of females and 30 (78.94%) of males. A total of 28 (73.68%) of males and 52 (83.87%) of females had lower values for TG levels. In contrast to TC and TG, a substantial correlation between Haemoglobin (Hb) levels and HDL-C and LDL-C was found. However, Hb had a positive association with TG, HDL-C, and LDL-C and a negative correlation with TC. These results also suggest a substantial correlation between Serum Iron (SI) and TC, TG, and HDL-C, but not a significant correlation with LDL-C. Conclusion: When observed for dyslipidemia, IDA patients showed significantly lower levels of TC, TG, and HDL-C with respect to their SI levels.
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