Cellular Senescence in Germ Cell Neoplasia In Situ (GCNIS) and Other Histological Types of Testicular Cancer
Vasileios Tatanis,
Dimitris Veroutis,
Pavlos Pantelis,
George Theocharous,
Helen Sarlanis,
Alexandros Georgiou,
Francesk Mulita,
Angelis Peteinaris,
Anastasios Natsos,
Napoleon Moulavasilis,
Nikolaos Kavantzas,
Athanassios Kotsinas,
Ioannis Adamakis
Affiliations
Vasileios Tatanis
Department of Urology, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece
Dimitris Veroutis
Molecular Carcinogenesis Group, Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical School, National Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA), 11527 Athens, Greece
Pavlos Pantelis
Molecular Carcinogenesis Group, Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical School, National Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA), 11527 Athens, Greece
George Theocharous
Molecular Carcinogenesis Group, Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical School, National Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA), 11527 Athens, Greece
Helen Sarlanis
Department of Pathology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University, 10680 Athens, Greece
Alexandros Georgiou
Department of Pathology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University, 10680 Athens, Greece
Francesk Mulita
Department of Surgery, University Hospital of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece
Angelis Peteinaris
Department of Urology, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece
Anastasios Natsos
Department of Urology, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece
Napoleon Moulavasilis
1st Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 10680 Athens, Greece
Nikolaos Kavantzas
Department of Pathology, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University, 10680 Athens, Greece
Athanassios Kotsinas
Molecular Carcinogenesis Group, Department of Histology and Embryology, Medical School, National Kapodistrian University of Athens (NKUA), 11527 Athens, Greece
Ioannis Adamakis
1st Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 10680 Athens, Greece
Background and Objectives: The presence and contribution of senescent cells in premalignant lesions is well documented, but not in germ cell neoplasia in situ. The purpose of this study is to identify the presence of senescent cells in pre-malignant testicular conditions and in different histological types of testicular cancer. Materials and Methods: Thirty patients who underwent orchiectomy due to testicular tumors were included. Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) testicular tissue for each patient was available. Sections from these specimens were examined by immunohistochemical analysis with the following markers: GL13 for cellular senescence, p21WAF1/Cip1 for cell cycle arrest, and Ki67 for cell proliferation. Results: Thirteen (43.3%) suffered from seminoma with a mean total proportion of GCNIS senescence of 20.81 ± 6.81%. In the group of embryonal testicular tumors, nine (30%) patients were included, with an average rate of 6.64 ± 5.42% of senescent cells in GCNIS. One (3.3%) patient suffered from chondrosarcoma in which 7.9% of GL13+ cells were detected in GCNIS. Four (13.4%) patients suffered from teratoma and three (10%) from yolk sac tumors, while GCNIS senescence was detected in a range of 4.43 ± 1.78% and 3.76 ± 1.37%, respectively. Conclusions: Cellular senescence was detected in both germ cell neoplasia in situ and testicular cancer, but was more prevalent within the premalignant lesions.
