Factor VIIa interaction with EPCR modulates the hemostatic effect of rFVIIa in hemophilia therapy: mode of its action

Abstract

Abstract: Recent studies established that clotting factor VIIa (FVIIa) binds endothelial cell protein C receptor (EPCR). It has been speculated that FVIIa interaction with EPCR might augment the hemostatic effect of recombinant FVIIa (rFVIIa) in therapeutic conditions. The present study is carried out to investigate the mechanism by which FVIIa interaction with EPCR contributes to the hemostatic effect of rFVIIa in hemophilia therapy. Active-site inhibited FVIIa, which is capable of binding to EPCR but has no ability to activate factor X, reduced the concentration of rFVIIa required to correct the bleeding following the saphenous vein injury in mouse hemophilia model systems. Higher doses of rFVIIa were required to restore hemostasis in EPCR-overexpressing hemophilia mice compared with hemophilia mice expressing normal levels of EPCR. Administration of FVIII antibody induced only mild hemophilic bleeding in EPCR-deficient mice, which was corrected completely with a low dose of rFVIIa. Administration of therapeutic concentrations of rFVIIa increased plasma protein C levels in EPCR-overexpressing mice, indicating the displacement of protein C from EPCR by rFVIIa. EPCR levels did not significantly alter the bioavailability of rFVIIa in plasma. Overall, our data indicate that EPCR levels influence the hemostatic effect of rFVIIa in treating hemophilia. Our present findings suggest that FVIIa displacement of anticoagulant protein C from EPCR that results in downregulation of activated protein C generation and not the direct effect of EPCR-FVIIa on factor X activation is the mechanism by which FVIIa interaction with EPCR contributes to the hemostatic effect of rFVIIa in hemophilia therapy.