Antibiotics (Dec 2024)

High-Risk Lineages of Hybrid Plasmids Carrying Virulence and Carbapenemase Genes

  • Valeria V. Shapovalova,
  • Polina S. Chulkova,
  • Vladimir A. Ageevets,
  • Varvara Nurmukanova,
  • Irina V. Verentsova,
  • Asya A. Girina,
  • Irina N. Protasova,
  • Victoria S. Bezbido,
  • Victor I. Sergevnin,
  • Irina V. Feldblum,
  • Larisa G. Kudryavtseva,
  • Sergey N. Sharafan,
  • Vladislav V. Semerikov,
  • Marina L. Babushkina,
  • Inna R. Valiullina,
  • Nikita S. Chumarev,
  • Guzel S. Isaeva,
  • Natalya A. Belyanina,
  • Irina U. Shirokova,
  • Tatiana M. Mrugova,
  • Elena I. Belkova,
  • Svetlana D. Artemuk,
  • Aleksandra A. Meltser,
  • Marina V. Smirnova,
  • Tatyana N. Akkonen,
  • Nataliya A. Golovshchikova,
  • Oleg V. Goloshchapov,
  • Alexey B. Chukhlovin,
  • Lubov N. Popenko,
  • Elena Y. Zenevich,
  • Aleksandr A. Vlasov,
  • Galina V. Mitroshina,
  • Marina S. Bordacheva,
  • Irina V. Ageevets,
  • Ofeliia S. Sulian,
  • Alisa A. Avdeeva,
  • Vladimir V. Gostev,
  • Irina A. Tsvetkova,
  • Maria A. Yakunina,
  • Ekaterina U. Vasileva,
  • Alina D. Matsvay,
  • Dmitry I. Danilov,
  • Yulia A. Savochkina,
  • German A. Shipulin,
  • Sergey V. Sidorenko

DOI
https://doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics13121224
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 13, no. 12
p. 1224

Abstract

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Background/Objectives: Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) are a global health threat due to their high morbidity and mortality rates and limited treatment options. This study examines the plasmid-mediated transmission of virulence and antibiotic resistance determinants in carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (Kpn) and Escherichia coli (E. coli) isolated from Russian hospitals. Methods: We performed short- and long-read whole-genome sequencing of 53 clinical isolates (48 Kpn and 5 E. coli) attributed to 15 genetic lineages and collected from 21 hospitals across nine Russian cities between 2016 and 2022. Results: The plasmid analysis identified 18 clusters that showed high concordance with replicon typing, with all clusters having a major replicon type. The majority of plasmids in the IncHI1B(pNDM-MAR)/IncFIB(pNDM-Mar)-like cluster (79.16%) carried both antibiotic resistance genes (e.g., blaNDM-1 and blaOXA-48) and virulence factors (VFs) such as siderophore genes. We hypothesized that hybrid plasmids could play a critical role in the dissemination of antibiotic resistance genes and VFs. Comparative analyses with global plasmid databases revealed high-risk lineages of hybrid plasmids that are predominantly spread throughout Russia at present. Conclusions: Our findings underscore the importance of monitoring plasmid backbones for clinical management, surveillance, and infection control activities.

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