“Current incidence of injuries in Iran; findings of STEPS survey 2021”
Elnaz Shahmohamadi,
Erfan Ghasemi,
Esmaeil Mohammadi,
Maryam Nasserinejad,
Sina Azadnajafabad,
Mohammad-Reza Malekpour,
Mohammad-Mahdi Rashidi,
Naser Ahmadi,
Negar Rezaei,
Mohammadreza Naderian,
Moein Yoosefi,
Yosef Farzi,
Nazila Rezaei,
Rosa Haghshenas,
Elham Abdolhamidi,
Amirali Hajebi,
Ali Golestani,
Ameneh Kazemi,
Mahdi Delaram Dizaj,
Niusha Nazari,
Azadeh Momen Nia Rankohi,
Mahbobeh Darman,
Shirin Djalalinia,
Alireza Moghisi,
Farshad Farzadfar
Affiliations
Elnaz Shahmohamadi
Non-communicable Disease Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Erfan Ghasemi
Non-communicable Disease Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Esmaeil Mohammadi
Non-communicable Disease Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma, Oklahoma, USA
Maryam Nasserinejad
Non-communicable Disease Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Center for Life Course Health Research, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
Sina Azadnajafabad
Non-communicable Disease Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Mohammad-Reza Malekpour
Non-communicable Disease Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Mohammad-Mahdi Rashidi
Non-communicable Disease Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Naser Ahmadi
Non-communicable Disease Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Negar Rezaei
Non-communicable Disease Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Mohammadreza Naderian
Non-communicable Disease Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Tehran Heart Center, Cardiovascular Diseases Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Moein Yoosefi
Non-communicable Disease Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, Canada
Yosef Farzi
Non-communicable Disease Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Nazila Rezaei
Non-communicable Disease Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Rosa Haghshenas
Non-communicable Disease Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Elham Abdolhamidi
Non-communicable Disease Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Amirali Hajebi
Non-communicable Disease Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Ali Golestani
Non-communicable Disease Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Ameneh Kazemi
Non-communicable Disease Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Mahdi Delaram Dizaj
Non-communicable Disease Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Niusha Nazari
Non-communicable Disease Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Azadeh Momen Nia Rankohi
Non-communicable Disease Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Mahbobeh Darman
Deputy of Health, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran
Shirin Djalalinia
Development of Research and Technology center, Deputy of Research and Technology Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, Iran
Alireza Moghisi
Deputy General Director for NCD Management Office, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Tehran, IR, Iran
Farshad Farzadfar
Non-communicable Disease Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Corresponding author. Non-Communicable Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical SciencesNo. 10, Al-e-Ahmad and Chamran Highway intersection, Tehran, Iran1411713136
Background: The updated epidemiology of injuries at the national and sub-national levels are required for policymakers to effectively handle the burden of injuries. This paper aimed to assess the incidence and risk factors of different injuries in Iran based on a recent national survey. Methods: We used data from Iran Stepwise approach to surveillance (STEPS) Survey 2021, a population-based study in urban and rural areas of Iran's 31 provinces. A multistage clustered probability design and weighting adjustments were used to select eligible individuals and generate estimations. We estimated the incidence of injuries, assessed sociodemographic variables, and identified potential behavioral risk factors associated with injuries, and results were reported for sociodemographic and geographic stratifications. Result: Data from 27,874 participants of the STEPS survey were assessed, of which 1538 (5.5 %, 95 % CI: [5.2–5.8]) reported having an injury in the past 12 months. Falls (44.4 %) were the most common cause of injury, followed by road traffic injury (21.7 %) and exposure to mechanical forces (16.5 %). Except for falls and burns, males had a higher proportion of all types of injuries. Logistic regression analysis showed that being male (OR: 1.7, [1.5, 2.0]) and being an occasional or heavy alcohol drinker (OR: 2.0, [1.3, 3.0] and OR: 2.7, [1.7, 4.1] respectively) were significant risk factors associated with road traffic injuries. Seatbelt use was 90.0 % among both drivers and front-seat passengers, while the use of safety car seats for children was as low as 9.4 %. Injury incidence varied significantly among provinces, with the highest incidence among males observed in Razavi Khorasan (11.2 %) and among females observed in Tehran (12.0 %). Conclusion: This study investigated the updated epidemiology of injuries in Iran and revealed socioeconomic and geographic disparities across country. This epidemiological information can be used to modify injury prevention programs.
