Polyphenol Analysis via LC-MS-ESI and Potent Antioxidant, Anti-Inflammatory, and Antimicrobial Activities of <i>Jatropha multifida</i> L. Extracts Used in Benin Pharmacopoeia
Durand Dah-Nouvlessounon,
Michaelle Chokki,
Essé A. Agossou,
Jean-Baptiste Houédanou,
Martial Nounagnon,
Haziz Sina,
Romana Vulturar,
Simona Codruta Heghes,
Angela Cozma,
Jacques François Mavoungou,
Adriana Fodor,
Farid Baba-Moussa,
Ramona Suharoschi,
Lamine Baba-Moussa
Affiliations
Durand Dah-Nouvlessounon
Laboratory of Biology and Molecular Typing in Microbiology, Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, University of Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou 05BP1604, Benin
Michaelle Chokki
Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, 3-5 Calea Manastur Street, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
Essé A. Agossou
Laboratory of Pharmacology and Improved Traditional Medicines, FAST, Department of Animal Physiology, University of Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou 01BP526, Benin
Jean-Baptiste Houédanou
Laboratory of Biology and Molecular Typing in Microbiology, Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, University of Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou 05BP1604, Benin
Martial Nounagnon
Laboratory of Biology and Molecular Typing in Microbiology, Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, University of Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou 05BP1604, Benin
Haziz Sina
Laboratory of Biology and Molecular Typing in Microbiology, Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, University of Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou 05BP1604, Benin
Romana Vulturar
Department of Molecular Sciences, “luliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 8 Victor Babes, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
Simona Codruta Heghes
Department of Drug Analysis, “luliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 6 Louis Pasteur Street, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
Angela Cozma
Internal Medicine Department, 4th Medical Clinic “luliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
Jacques François Mavoungou
Department of Microbiology, International University of Libreville, ESSASSA-Libreville Campus, Essassa BP 20411, Gabon
Adriana Fodor
Clinical Center of Diabetes, Nutrition and Metabolic Diseases, “luliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
Farid Baba-Moussa
Laboratoire de Microbiologie et de Technologie Alimentaire, FAST, Université d’Abomey-Calavi, 01BP: 526 ISBA-Champ de Foire, Cotonou 01BP188, Benin
Ramona Suharoschi
Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine Cluj-Napoca, 3-5 Calea Manastur Street, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
Lamine Baba-Moussa
Laboratory of Biology and Molecular Typing in Microbiology, Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, University of Abomey-Calavi, Cotonou 05BP1604, Benin
Jatropha multifida L., a plant from the Euphorbiaceae family, is commonly used in Benin’s traditional medicine due to its therapeutic benefits. This study aims to explore the medicinal efficacy of Jatropha multifida L. by evaluating its various biological activities. An initial phytochemical analysis was conducted, following which the polyphenols and flavonoids were quantified and identified using LC-MS-ESI. The antimicrobial efficacy of the extracts was tested using agar diffusion. Their antioxidant capacity was assessed using several methods: DPPH radical reduction, ABTS radical cation reduction, ferric ion (FRAP) reduction, and lipid peroxidation (LPO). Anti-inflammatory activity was determined based on the inhibition of protein (specifically albumin) denaturation. The study identified several phenolic and flavonoid compounds, including 2-Hydroxybenzoic acid, o-Coumaroylquinic acid, Apigenin-apiosyl-glucoside, and luteolin-galactoside. Notably, the extracts of J. multifida demonstrated bactericidal effects against a range of pathogens, with Concentration Minimally Bactericidal (CMB) values ranging from 22.67 mg/mL (for organisms such as S. aureus and C. albicans) to 47.61 mg/mL (for E. coli). Among the extracts, the ethanolic variant displayed the most potent DPPH radical scavenging activity, with an IC50 value of 0.72 ± 0.03 mg/mL. In contrast, the methanolic extract was superior in ferric ion reduction, registering 46.23 ± 1.10 µgEAA/g. Interestingly, the water-ethanolic extract surpassed others in the ABTS reduction method with a score of 0.49 ± 0.11 mol ET/g and also showcased the highest albumin denaturation inhibition rate of 97.31 ± 0.35% at a concentration of 1000 µg/mL. In conclusion, the extracts of Jatropha multifida L. are enriched with bioactive compounds that exhibit significant biological activities, underscoring their therapeutic potential.
