Multi-omics analyses reveal relationships among dairy consumption, gut microbiota and cardiometabolic health
Menglei Shuai,
Luo-Shi-Yuan Zuo,
Zelei Miao,
Wanglong Gou,
Fengzhe Xu,
Zengliang Jiang,
Chu-wen Ling,
Yuanqing Fu,
Feng Xiong,
Yu-ming Chen,
Ju-Sheng Zheng
Affiliations
Menglei Shuai
School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Growth Regulation and Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, China
Luo-Shi-Yuan Zuo
Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health; Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
Zelei Miao
Key Laboratory of Growth Regulation and Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, China
Wanglong Gou
Key Laboratory of Growth Regulation and Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, China
Fengzhe Xu
Key Laboratory of Growth Regulation and Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, China
Zengliang Jiang
Key Laboratory of Growth Regulation and Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, China; Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou, China
Chu-wen Ling
Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health; Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
Yuanqing Fu
Key Laboratory of Growth Regulation and Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, China; Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou, China
Feng Xiong
Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health; Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
Yu-ming Chen
Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health; Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China; Corresponding authors.
Ju-Sheng Zheng
School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Growth Regulation and Translational Research of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Westlake University, Hangzhou, China; Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou, China; Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Hangzhou, China; Corresponding authors.
Background: Little is known about the interplay among dairy intake, gut microbiota and cardiometabolic health in human prospective cohort studies. Methods: The present study included 1780 participants from the Guangzhou Nutrition and Health Study. We examined the prospective association between habitual dairy consumption (total dairy, milk, yogurt) and gut microbial composition using linear regression after adjusting for socio-demographic, lifestyle and dietary factors. The cross-sectional association of dairy-associated microbial features with cardiometabolic risk factors was examined with a linear regression model, adjusting for potential confounders. Serum metabolomic profiles were analyzed by partial correlation analysis. Findings: There was a significant overall difference in gut microbial community structure (β-diversity) comparing the highest with the lowest category for each of total dairy, milk and yogurt (P < 0.05). We observed that dairy-associated microbes and α-diversity indices were inversely associated with blood triglycerides, while positively associated with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. A follow-up metabolomics analysis revealed the association of targeted serum metabolites with dairy-microbial features and cardiometabolic traits. Specifically, 2-hydroxy-3-methylbutyric acid, 2-hydroxybutyric acid and L-alanine were inversely associated with dairy-microbial score, while positively associated with triglycerides (FDR-corrected P < 0.1). Interpretation: Dairy consumption is associated with the gut microbial composition and a higher α-diversity, which provides new insights into the understanding of dairy-gut microbiota interactions and their relationship with cardiometabolic health. Funding: This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China, Zhejiang Ten-thousand Talents Program, Westlake University and the 5010 Program for Clinical Researches of the Sun Yat-sen University.
