Universe (Feb 2024)

New Indication from Quantum Chromodynamics Calling for beyond the Standard Model

  • Chuan-Xin Cui,
  • Jin-Yang Li,
  • Hiroyuki Ishida,
  • Mamiya Kawaguchi,
  • Shinya Matsuzaki,
  • Akio Tomiya

DOI
https://doi.org/10.3390/universe10020068
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 10, no. 2
p. 68

Abstract

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We find that a big gap between indicators for the breaking strengths of the global chiral SU(2) and U(1) axial symmetries in the QCD of the standard model (SM) can be interpreted as a new fine-tuning problem. This may thus imply calling for a class beyond the SM, which turns out to favor having a new chiral symmetry, and the associated massless new quark is insensitive to the chiral SU(2) symmetry for the lightest up and down quarks so that the fine-tuning is relaxed. Our statistical estimate shows that QCD of the SM is by more than 300 standard deviations off the parameter space free from fine-tuning, and the significance will be greater as the lattice measurements on the QCD hadron observables become more accurate. We briefly address a dark QCD model with massless new quarks as one viable candidate.

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