International Journal of Nanomedicine (Nov 2020)
Anti-Biofouling Coatings on the Tooth Surface and Hydroxyapatite
Abstract
Li Zhou,1 Hai Ming Wong,1 Quan Li Li2 1Department of Paediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR 999077, People’s Republic of China; 2Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Research of Anhui Province, College and Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230000, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Hai Ming WongFaculty of Dentistry, The University of Hong Kong, 34 Hospital Road, Hong Kong, SAR 999077, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +852 28590261Fax +852 25593803Email [email protected] Li LiCollege and Hospital of Stomatology, Anhui Medical University, No. 69, Meishan Road, Hefei 230000, People’s Republic of ChinaEmail [email protected]: Dental plaque is one type of biofouling on the tooth surface that consists of a diverse population of microorganisms and extracellular matrix and causes oral diseases and even systematic diseases. Numerous studies have focused on preventing bacteria and proteins on tooth surfaces, especially with anti-biofouling coatings. Anti-biofouling coatings can be stable and sustainable over the long term on the tooth surface in the complex oral environment. In this review, numerous anti-biofouling coatings on the tooth surface and hydroxyapatite (as the main component of dental hard tissue) were summarized based on their mechanisms, which include three major strategies: antiprotein and antibacterial adhesion through chemical modification, contact killing through the modification of antimicrobial agents, and antibacterial agent release. The first strategy of coatings can resist the adsorption of proteins and bacteria. However, these coatings use passive strategies and cannot kill bacteria. The second strategy can interact with the cell membrane of bacteria to cause bacterial death. Due to the possibility of delivering a high antibacterial agent concentration locally, the third strategy is recommended and will be the trend of local drug use in dentistry in the future.Keywords: anti-biofouling coating, antibacterial agent, hydroxyapatite, tooth surface, binding
