Lipid profile in relation to glycemic control in Type 1 diabetes children and adolescents in Bangladesh

Abstract

Introduction: Dyslipidemia and hyperglycemia are metabolic abnormalities commonly found in young patients with Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and both increase the risk of cardiovascular disease. Methods: This cross-sectional study was aimed to evaluate the pattern of dyslipidemia and its relationship with other risk factors in children and adolescents with T1DM. A total of 576 T1DM patients aged 10–18 years who attended Changing Diabetes in Children, a pediatric diabetes clinic in Bangladesh Institute of Research and Rehabilitation for Diabetes, Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders over 1 year period from July 2015 to June 2016 were included in this study.Results: The overall frequency of dyslipidemia was 65%. The high triglyceride, high cholesterol, high low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and low high-density lipoprotein were found in 50%, 66%, 75%, and 48%, respectively. Compared to patients without dyslipidemia, patients with dyslipidemia had significantly lower mean body mass index (kg/m2) (18.4 [interquartile range; 16.2–21.4] vs. 19.5 [17.3–21.5] (P = 0.005)); significantly higher median fasting blood sugar (12.7 [9.9–15.2] vs. 10.6 [7.9–12.6] (P < 0.0001)) and higher median glycosylated hemoglobin (9.8 [8.4–11.8] vs. 7.9 [9.3–10.5] (P < 0.0001)). Hypertension was significantly higher in dyslipidemic patients (9.4% vs. 2.5% P < 0.002). Conclusion: More than half (65%) of our children and adolescents with T1DM had dyslipidemia, among them high LDL was the most common. These findings emphasize the screening of lipid profile in T1DM children and adolescents.

Keywords

• Children and adolescents
• dyslipidemia
• glycemic control
• type 1 diabetes