Transport Problems (Jan 2008)
New principle of organization of working process of air conditioning systems at railway and sea transport
Abstract
An indispensable component of ensuring safe control of railway and sea transport in conditions of hot climate is maintenance of comfortable temperature of air in control cabins and living spaces. Now the interest is restored to use the Air Refrigerating Plants (ARP) as they have a wide potential of low-temperature cooling without use of ozone-destructive cooling agents prohibited by decision of the Montreal meeting. At the same time, air conditioning installations on the basis of turbo-expanders have low refrigerating factor, they are very expensive in manufacturing and require a high level of maintenance service.Alternative trend of perfection of air refrigeration units is connected with a new principle of organization of working process, based on the use as expander and compressor of aggregates of cascade exchanger of pressure (CPE). Besides of unsurpassed efficiency of exchange processes, CPE is characterized by simplicity of design and high reliability, including, due to low frequency of rotation (2000-3000 min-1) with practically absence of consumption of mechanical energy on the drive of the rotor. The attractive aspect of application of equipment of conditioning with CPE is the opportunity of organization of working process only due to thermal energy including the utilization in the heat-power installation of transport vehicle.
